A new spikemoss species, Selaginella wuyishanensis, is described and illustrated based on materials collected from Fujian Province, East China. The new species can be distinguished from S. lutchuensis Koidzumi and S. albociliata P. S. Wang by its leaves with extremely long cilia (up to 8 mm) and distinctly white margins, ovate ventral sporophylls, and sporophyll-pteryx completely inverted on dorsal sporophylls. In the present work, a molecular phylogeny, taxonomic description, distribution information, line drawing, and photographs of this new species are presented. A morphological comparison is also given to distinguish it from morphologically similar species in Selaginella sect. Tetragonostachyae (Hook. & Grev.) Hieron. & Sadeb.

Danxia landform, Selaginella albociliata, Selaginella subg. Heterostachys, species diversity

Selaginella P. Beauv. (Selaginellaceae) is the largest genus of seed-free vascular plants with more than 700 species worldwide (Jermy 1990; Zhou and Zhang 2015; PPG 2016; Weststrand and Korall 2016a). It is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with a few species reaching the arctic-alpine zones in both hemispheres (Jermy 1990; Zhang et al. 2013). Members of Selaginella are heterosporous, and usually have rhizophores, leaves arranged in four rows, and terminal strobili. Though the subgeneric classification of Selaginella has been controversial (Zhou and Zhang 2015; Weststrand and Korall 2016b), integrative taxonomy based on morphological, cytological, and molecular data can effectively provide new insights into the species delimitation and discovery of new taxa (Zhou and Zhang 2015; Zhou et al. 2015a, b, 2016; Wu et al. 2017; Ye et al. 2020; Zhang et al. 2021; Wang et al. 2022).

Since 2019, we have conducted investigations into wild vascular plants in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve (WNNR) in Fujian Province, East China. Most of the Selaginella species we have encountered are common in WNNR and can be easily identified to described species. However, one species collected from Danxia regions of WNNR didn’t match species listed in available checklists and monographs or those recently described species from East Asia (Zhang et al. 2013; Zhou et al. 2015a, b; Wu et al. 2017; Shalimov et al. 2019; Ye et al. 2020; Zhang et al. 2021; Wang et al. 2022). Based on morphological study of herbarium specimens and consultation of literature, we found that this species is most similar to S. albociliata, but this species has smooth megaspore surfaces and ovate-lanceolate ventral sporophylls. In order to infer the phylogenetic relationships of this species, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis using both plastid and nuclear loci. With evidence from morphological characters and molecular phylogeny, we propose it as a new spikemoss species, and describe and illustrate it herein.

The gross morphology of the new species was observed and examined both from the fresh plants and dried herbarium specimens using SMZ1270 stereomicroscope (Nikon, Japan). For spore morphology, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the megaspores and microspores. Spore samples obtained from herbarium specimen were mounted on specimen tabs and then coated with platinum in a sputter coater. Observations were conducted using an ESEM-Quanta 200 (FEI, Hillsboro, Oregon, USA) with 15 Kv at Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China. The quantitative characters of the new species were measured using the ImageJ software (Pérez and Pascau 2013). Voucher specimens (see Appendix 1) were deposited at NF and PYU (herbaria acronyms according to Thiers 2018).

For the phylogenetic study, a total of 84 accessions representing 50 species of the genus were included, of which four accessions representing four species were selected as outgroups based on earlier phylogenetic analysis (Zhou et al. 2016; Weststrand and Korall 2016b). Three samples from three different populations of the new species were newly sequenced. Total genomic DNA was extracted from silica-dried leaves using a TIANGEN plant genomic DNA extraction kit (TIANGEN Biotech, Beijing, China) Mini Kits (Qiagen, Germany) following the manufacturer’s protocols. One plastid gene rbcL and one nuclear region ITS were selected for the phylogenetic analysis based on Zhou et al. (2016). The PCR and sequencing protocols follow Zhou et al. (2016). The newly generated sequences were assembled and edited using Sequencher ver. 4.14 (GeneCodes Corporation, Ann Arbor, Michigan). All sequences of rbcL and ITS regions were initially aligned with MAFFT ver. 7 (Katoh and Standley 2013) and manually adjusted in BioEdit (Hall 1999). The two alignments were concatenated and the final combined dataset was analyzed with maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. The ML tree searches were performed using RAxML-HPC2 on XSEDE with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The model GTR+I+G was chosen for the combined dataset using the AIC criterion with JModelTest 2 (Darriba et al. 2012). The BI was conducted using MrBayes ver. 3.2.7a (Ronquist and Huelsenbeck 2003) with temperature parameter set to 0.2, and keeping other parameters consistent with the default parameters of the software. Two independent runs of four Markov chain Monte Carlo chains, each with four chains (one cold, three heated), were conducted, each beginning with a random tree and sampling one tree every 1000 generations of 10 000 000 generations. Convergence among runs and stationarity were assessed using Tracer ver. 1.4 (Rambaut and Drummond 2007), and the first 25% was discarded as burnin. The remaining trees were used to calculate a 50% majority-rule consensus topology and posterior probabilities (PP).

Based on our phylogenetic analysis, three collections from three different populations of the new species is in a polytomy with S. lutchensis and S. albociliata (Fig. 1). Three samples of this new species are not resolved as a monophyletic group. However, both S. lutchuensis and S. albociliata are monophyletic and they form a strongly supported clade together (MLBS = 95% and BIPP = 0.99) (Fig. 1). Morphologically, all the three species have leaves ciliate along the margin. Based on the recent infrageneric classification of Selaginella proposed by Zhou and Zhang (2015), S. wuyishanensis should be assigned to S. subg. Heterostachys Baker sect. Tetragonostachyae (Hook. & Grev.) Hieron. & Sadeb.

Figure 1. 

The maximum likelihood phylogeny of Selaginella wuyishanensis and its congeners based on plastid gene rbcL and nuclear locus ITS. Support values [maximum likelihood bootstrap support (MLBS) ≥ 50%, Bayesian inference posterior probability (BIPP) ≥ 0.5] are shown above the main branches. The dash (--) indicates MLBS < 50% or BIPP < 0.5.

Morphologically, Selaginella wuyishanensis is most similar to S. albociliata and S. lutchuensis in having plants creeping (Fig. 2A), leaf margins white (Fig. 2H–L), axillary and ventral leaves ciliate along the margins (Fig. 2H–L), megaspore surfaces reticulate ornamentation with fine muri (Fig. 2M, N), and microspore surfaces verrucate (Fig. 2O, P), but S. wuyishanensis has long cilia on ventral leaves up to 0.6 mm long (Fig. 2H; vs. short cilia up to 0.2 mm long in S. lutchuensis), dorsal leaves long ciliate (Fig. 2J; vs. loosely serrulate in S. lutchuensis), verrucate ornamentation covered with small rodlet in microspore (Fig. 2P; vs. covered with coral-like structures in S. lutchuensis: Chang et al. 2009). Selaginella wuyishanensis is morphologically also similar to S. albociliata in having plants epilithic and leaves ciliate along the margins. However, S. wuyishanensis has smooth megaspore surfaces (Fig. 2M, N; vs. megaspore surface with fine and low papillae structure in S. albociliata: Zhou et al. 2015b), ventral sporophylls ovate with length-to-width ratio of ca. 2.4 (Fig. 2K; vs. ovate-lanceolate with length-to-width ratio of ca. 3.2 in S. albociliata). In geography, S. wuyishanensis is only known to occur in the Danxia landform of East China, whereas S. albociliata is restricted to the limestone mountains of the karst regions in the Southwest (Guizhou) and South (Guangxi) China.

Figure 2. 

Selaginella wuyishanensis A, B habit C abaxial view of portion of branch D portion of branch showing the dorsal leaves E portion of branch showing the ventral and axillary leaves F, G strobili H axillary leave I axillary leave J dorsal leave K ventral sporophyll L dorsal sporophyll M proximal surface of megaspores N detail of megaspore surface O microscopic structures of microspore surface P proximal surface of microspore.

Taxonomic treatment

 Selaginella wuyishanensis K.W.Xu, X.M.Zhou & Y.F.Duan, sp. nov.

urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77302501-1

Figs 2, 3

Type

China. Fujian: Wuyishan City, Mt. Wuyishan, alt. 200m, 27°41'12.82"N, 117°56'12.24"E, 25 Nov. 2021, Ke-Wang Xu et al. WY21 (holotype: NF!; isotype: PYU!).

Diagnosis

The new species is most similar to Selaginella albociliata and S. lutchuensis in the habit, sterile leaves, and spores. However, S. wuyishanensis can be distinguished from the latter two species by its long leaf cilia (up to 0.6 mm), ovate ventral sporophylls, and the smooth perispore surface of the megaspores (Figs 2, 3).

Figure 3. 

Illustration of Selaginella wuyishanensis A habit B adaxial view of branch C abaxial view of branch with rhizophore D axillary leaf E ventral leaf F dorsal leaf G strobili H ventral sporophyll I dorsal sporophyll (A–F drawn by Sun YB based on the isotype at NF G–I drawn by Wei HJ based on the paratype at CSH).

Description

Plants epilithic, evergreen, creeping, without erect or ascending stems. Rhizophores present at intervals throughout the length of creeping stem and branches, born on ventral side in the axil of main branches, slender, glabrous, 2–5 cm long, 0.1–0.2 mm in diameter; roots usually forked at the apex. Stem 5–12 cm long, rarely longer than 12 cm, 3–4 mm in width, irregularly and slightly dichotomously branched. Leaves arranged in four ranks (two dorsal and two ventral). Axillary leaves present at branching points, oblong-ovate, base slightly cuneate, apex acuminate, 0.8–1.2 × 2.2–2.5 mm, long ciliate along the margin from base to 2/3 of the axillary leaves, cilia up to 0.8 mm long. Ventral leaves asymmetrical, those on main stem similar to those on branches, imbricate on stem and branch throughout, ovate, 1.5–2.8 × 0.8–1.2 mm, apex slightly acute to acuminate, acroscopic base rounded, basiscopic base slightly cuneate, margin conspicuously white-margins; acroscopic margins ciliate at the base, cilia up to 0.6 mm long, basiscopic margins nearly entire at the base, ciliate or denticulate upward. Dorsal leaves symmetrical, ovate to oval, 0.8–1.6 × 0.6–0.9 mm, base rounded, apex aristiform, often reflexed, margins conspicuously white-callous, acroscopic margins sparsely ciliate, cilia up to 0.5 mm long, basiscopic margins ciliate, cilia short, no more than 0.1 mm long. Strobili usually in pairs or rarely three on the branches, terminal, resupinate, 1–2 cm long, megasporangia usually present at basal sporophylls and microsporangia present at upper ones; dorsal sporophylls ovate-lanceolate, base nearly rounded, apex acuminate, 1.2–1.8 × 0.4–0.8 mm, margin conspicuously white-callous, ciliate along the margin of basal part, cilia short; ventral sporophylls membranous, ovate-lanceolate, base rounded, apex caudate, ca. 0.6 × 1.3 mm, ciliate along the margin, cilia ca. 0.3 mm long. Megaspores yellow, trilete, oblate spheroid to subglobose, equatorial diameter 240–260 μm; perispore reticulate ornamentation with fine muri. Microspores reddish orange, trilete, hemispheric, equatorial diameter 35–42 μm; verrucate ornamentation of microspore covered with dense rodlets.

Distribution and habitat

Selaginella wuyishanensis is known only from Fujian Province, East China. Three populations were observed to grow on rocks of the Danxia landform in evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevations of ca. 200–800 m.

Additional specimens examined

China. Fujian: Wuyishan City, Mt. Wuyishan, alt. 327 m, 27°41'12.82"N, 117°56'12.24"E, 25 Nov. 2021, Ke-Wang Xu et al. WY521 (NF); the same locality, alt. 280 m, 27°39'17"N, 117°57'50"E, 27 Nov. 2021, Ke-Wang Xu et al. WY596 (NF); the same locality, Ke-Wang Xu et al. WY597 (NF); the same locality, Ke-Wang Xu et al. WY598 (NF); Yongan City, Tianbaoyan National Nature Reserve, 25°57'11"N, 117°33'14"E, 1 Nov. 2020, Wei &Chen JSL7744A (CSH).

Etymology

The species epithet is based on the name of the famous mount Wuyishan, referring to the type locality of the new species.

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#32100167) and the Project of Biological Resources Survey in Wuyishan National Park ([3500]HMGC[GK]2020006). We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Ke-Wang Xu, Shui-Fei Chen, and Xin-Mao Zhou: Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Investigation; Methodology; Software; Validation; Writing – original draft. Ke-Wang Xu, Hong-Jin Wei, Qiang Song, Xiao Zheng, Meng Li, Yan-Ming Fang: Wild investigation (supporting), data curation (supporting), and original draft review and editing (supporting). Ke-Wang Xu, Hui Ding, Xin-Mao Zhou, and Yi-Fan Duan: Conceptualization (lead), Validation (lead), and review and editing (lead).

List of taxa sampled with information related to taxonomy, GenBank accession numbers (rbcL, 5.8S+ITS2), references, and voucher information. Herbarium acronyms follow Index Herbariorum (Thiers 2018).

Selaginella albociliata P.S.Wang (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 5302 (CDBI), China (Guangxi), KT161379 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161648 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) X.-C. Zhang 7242 (PE), China (Guizhou), MH814882 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —; (3) L.-B. Zhang 526 (CDBI), China (Guizhou), ON994457 (this study), —. Selaginella alutacea Spring Korall 2006-9 (S), Malaysia: KY022958 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella amblyphylla Alston (1) X.-C. Zhang 2924 (PE), China (Yunnan), MH814883 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —; (2) X.-C. Zhang 7951 (PE), China (Yunnan), MH814884 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —. Selaginella arbuscula (Kaulf.) Spring (1) Schuettpelz 1941 (US), French Polynesia (Marquesas Islands): MT216108 (Steier and Schuettpelz unpublished); —; (2) Wood 13746 (PTBG), Hawaii (Maui, Kipahulu): KT161388 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161657 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella banksii Alston Grant 3563 (L), French Polynesia: KY022972 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella behrmanniana Hieron. Johns 8937, (L), Indonesia: KY022973 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella bisulcata Spring W.-M. Chu et al. 31292 (PYU), China (Yunnan): KT161404 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161673 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella bodinieri Hieron. ex Christ (1) W.-B. Ju & H.-N. Deng HGX13005 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161413 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161678 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) L.-B. Zhang et al. 5177 (CDBI), China (Guangxi): KT161411 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161679 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella boninensis Baker TNS766618 (TNS), Japan (Tokyo): AB574642 (Ebihara et al. 2010), —. Selaginella brachystachya (Hook. & Grev.) Spring (1) J. Klackenberg 434 (S), Sri Lanka: KY022980 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —; (2) W.A. Sledge 913 (L), Sri Lanka: KY022979 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella chaetoloma Alston (1) Z.-Y. Guo 2016014 (PE), China (Guizhou): MH814888 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —; (2) X.-C. Zhang 7347 (PE), China (Guizhou): MH814889 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —. Selaginella chingii Alston (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 6587 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Lang Son): KT161417 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161683 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) L.-B. Zhang et al. 6594 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Lang Son): KT161416 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161868 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella chrysocaulos (Hook. & Grev.) Spring (1) D. E. Boufford et al. 33036 (A), China (Sichuan): KY022955 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —; (2) X.-C. Zhang 86 (PE), China (Sichuan): MH814891 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —. Selaginella ciliaris (Retz.) Spring (1) BVBRI035-20, MT795923 (Patel and Reddy 2020), —; (2) Jiang 310 (PYU, CDBI), China (Hainan): KT161428 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161691 (Zhou et al. 2016); (3) Unknown (Unknown), Peninsula Malaysia: EU126658 (Yi et al. 2007), —. Selaginella coriaceifolia X.M.Zhou, N.T.Lu & Li Bing Zhang (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 7307 (CDBI, MO, VNMN), Vietnam (Quang Binh): MT386596 (Ye et al. 2020), MZ570596 (He et al. 2021); (2) L.-B. Zhang et al. 7371 (CDBI, MO, VNMN), Vietnam (Quang Binh): MT386598 (Ye et al. 2020), MT386595 (Ye et al. 2020). Selaginella decipiens Warb. (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 6764 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Bac Kan): KT161438 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161698 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) L.-B. Zhang et al. 6761 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Bac Kan): KT161439 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161697 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella denticulata (L.) Spring Korall & Eriksson 715 (S), Unknown: AJ010853 (Korall et al. 1999), —. Selaginella dianzhongensis X.C.Zhang Zhu Y.-M. 8158 (PE), China (Yunnan): MH814909 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —. Selaginella drepanophylla Alston L.-B. Zhang et al. 5117 (CDBI), China (Guangxi): KT161447, KT161703 (Zhou et al. 2016); Selaginella effusa Alston (1) S.-Y. Dong 2470 (PYU), China (Guangdong): KT161453 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161705 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) L.-B. Zhang et al. 5438 (CDBI), China (Guangxi): KT161450 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161706 (Zhou et al. 2016); (3) L.-B. Zhang et al. 5442 (CDBI), China (Guangxi): KT161451 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161707 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella goudotiana Spring M. Thulin and H. Razafindraibe 11750 (UPS), Madagascar: KY023039 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella goudotiana var. abyssinica (Spring) Bizzarri R.E.G. Pichi Sermolli 6756 (L), Ethiopia: KY023038 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella kanehirae Alston Wood 13568 (PTBG), F.S.M. (Caroline Is., Pohnpei): KT161495 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161745 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella kurzii Baker (1) X.-M. Zhou et al. PYU-S-2105 (PYU), China (Yunnan): MZ532022 (He et al. 2021); MZ570598 (He et al. 2021); (2) X.-C. Zhang 1934 (PE), China (Yunnan): MH814898 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —. Selaginella labordei Hieron. ex Christ (1) X.-F. Gao et al. DJY03894 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161502 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161750 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) H. Smith 2345 (S), China (Sichuan), KY023059 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella laxa Spring (1) Schuettpelz 1913 (US), French Polynesia (Marquesas Islands), MT216111 (He et al. 2021); (2) T. G. Yuncker 15994 (U); Tonga, KY023063, —. Selaginella leptophylla Baker (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 5199 (CDBI), China (Guangxi): KT161511 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161758 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) X.-M. Zhou & al. DJY05380 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161513 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161756 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella lutchuensis Koidz. (1) TNS101683 (TNS), Japan: MT680176 (Zhang et al. 2021), —; (2) TNS759343 (TNS), Japan (Okinawa): AB574648 (Ebihara et al. 2010), —. Selaginella megaphylla Baker (1) X.-H. Jin 19301 (PE), China (Xizang): MH814901 (Shalimov et al. 2019), —; (2) X.-M. Zhou YLZB2185 (CDBI, PYU), China (Xizang): ON994456 (this study), ON994203 (this study). Selaginella menziesii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring D. P. Rogers s.n. (Die XI-10-46) (U), Hawaii, KY023079 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella miniatospora (Dalzell) Bak. (1) J. Klackenberg and R. Lundin 567 (S), India (Kerala): KY023081 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —; (2) C. van Hardeveld and H. H. van der Werff 120 (U), India (Tamil Nadu): KY023080 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella minutifolia Spring Larsen et al. 1389 (S), Thailand: KY023082 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella mittenii Baker van Steenis 24105 (L), South Africa: KY023083 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella monospora Spring (1) L.-B. Zhang & al. 6430 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Vinh Phuc): KT161537 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161782 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) L. Zhang 1296, China (Yunnan): MZ532023 (this study), —. Selaginella morganii Zeiller P. Korall 2006: 29 (S), Peninsular Malaysia: KY023088 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella neocaledonica Baker (1) KY985453 (Klaus et al.2016), —; (2) N. Wikström 244 (S); New Caledonia, KY023095 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella nipponica Franch. & Sav. TNS738139 (TNS), Japan (Tokyo): AB574649 (Ebihara et al. 2010), —. Selaginella ornata (Hook. & Grev.) Spring (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 5200 (CDBI), China (Guangxi): KT161524 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161770 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) W.-M. Chu & al. 8226 (PYU), China (Yunnan): KT161525 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161767 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella qingchengshanensis Li Bing Zhang & X.M.Zhou (1) X.-F. Gao et al. DJY04053 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161381 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161649 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) Z.-L. Liang & X. Pu 056 (CDBI, PYU), China (Sichuan): MZ532027 (He et al. 2021), MZ570603 (He et al. 2021). Selaginella reineckei Hieron. (1) K.R. Wood 16944 (PTBG), Samoa (Savaii): MT657902 (Nitta et al. 2020), —; (2) H. S. McKee 2907 P7338 (L); Samoa, KY023129 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella repanda (Desv. & Poir.) Spring (1) Z.-R. He & X.-M. Zhou 119 (PYU, CDBI), China (Yunnan): KT161583 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161816 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) He & Jiang 405-1 (CDBI), China (Yunnan): KT161584 (Zhou et al. 2016), —. Selaginella reticulata (Hook. & Grev.) Spring C.R. Fraser-Jenkins 1653 (L), Nepal: KY022956 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —. Selaginella subvaginata X.C.Zhang & Shalimov (1) Liu H. 182 (PE) China (Sichuan): MT680177 (Zhang et al. 2020), —; (2) X.-C. Zhang et al. 9450 (PE) China (Sichuan): MT680181 (Zhang et al. 2020), —. Selaginella trichophylla K.H.Shing (1) L.-B. Zhang et al. 6784 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Cao Bang): KT161624 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161849 (Zhou et al. 2016); (2) W.-M. Chu & al. 29310 (PYU), China (Yunnan): KT161622 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161846 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella uncinata (Desv.) Spring Zhang & Zhou DJY04101 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161626 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161852 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella vaginata Spring (1) X.-M. Zhou 012 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161434 (Zhou et al. 2016); —; (2) X.-M. Zhou & al. DJY07488 (CDBI), China (Sichuan): KT161432 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161694 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella whitmeei Baker K.R. Wood 17032 (PTBG), Samoa (Savaii), MT657910 (Nitta et al. 2020), —. Selaginella wuyishanensis (1) K.-W. Xu WY596 (PYU), China (Fujian): ON994453 (this study), —; (2) K.-W. Xu WY598 (PYU), China (Fujian): ON994454 (this study), —; (3) H.-J. Wei JSL7744A (CSH), China (Fujian): ON994455 (this study), ON994202 (this study). Selaginella xipholepis Baker (1) S.-Y. Dong 2377 (PYU), China (Guangdong): KT161645 (Zhou et al. 2016), —; (2) L.-B. Zhang & al. 6668 (CDBI, MO, VNMN, PYU), Vietnam (Bac Kan): KT161646 (Zhou et al. 2016), KT161867 (Zhou et al. 2016). Selaginella yunckeri Alston T. G. Yuncker 15933 (U); Tonga, KY023182 (Weststrand and Korall 2016b), —.