Research Article |
Corresponding author: En-De Liu ( liuende@mail.kib.ac.cn ) Corresponding author: De-Zhu Li ( dzl@mail.kib.ac.cn ) Academic editor: Wen-Bin Yu
© 2019 Yu-Xiao Zhang, Xia-Ying Ye, En-De Liu, De-Zhu Li.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Zhang Y-X, Ye X-Y, Liu E-D, Li D-Z (2019) Yushania tongpeii (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new bamboo species from north-eastern Yunnan, China. In: Cai J, Yu W-B, Zhang T, Li D-Z (Eds) Revealing of the plant diversity in China’s biodiversity hotspots. PhytoKeys 130: 135-141. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.130.34466
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Yushania tongpeii D.Z.Li, Y.X.Zhang & E.D.Liu, a new species of the temperate bamboo tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), is described and illustrated from north-eastern Yunnan, China. Yushania tongpeii is characterised by taller branching from nodes 1–2 m above the ground, usually three branches at the node, sparse purple spots and thin white powder on the internode, densely purple-spotted culm sheaths, glabrous margins of culm sheaths and tomentose leaf ligules. Based on the morphological features, this new species is assigned to section Yushania.
New species, north-eastern Yunnan, temperate woody bamboos, Yushania sect. Yushania
Yushania P.C.Keng, (1957) is one of the largest genera of the tribe Arundinarieae (i.e. the temperate woody bamboos) (Poaceae, Bambusoideae). It consists of more than 80 species, which are mainly distributed in the mid-elevation mountains and subalpine areas (1000–3800 m alt.) of East and Southeast Asia, with the centre of diversity situated in south-western and south-eastern China (
Species of Yushania are characterised by the long-necked rhizomes, diffuse culms, one to many branches at the node, semelauctant and paniculate inflorescence and three stamens (
During a botanical survey to Sanjiangkou, Wumengshan National Nature Reserve, Daguan County, Yunnan, China in 2016, specimens and relevant DNA samples of several bamboo species were collected. One of them has long-necked rhizomes, usually three branches at the node and occurs at elevations around 2300 m. These characters are typical of the genus Yushania. After comparison with specimens of Yushania deposited at KUN and some literature (e.g.
Observation and measurement of morphological characters of the new species were carried out in the field and the herbarium, based on living plants and specimens. Some characters were observed by stereomicroscope (Leica S6E). Morphological features of the related species (Yushania oblonga T.P.Yi, Y. pingshanensis T.P.Yi and Y. straminea T.P.Yi) were obtained from literature (
Yushania tongpeii is morphologically similar to Y. oblonga, Y. pingshanensis and Y. straminea, but can be easily distinguished by having taller branching from nodes 1–2 m above the ground, sparse purple spots on the internode, densely purple spotted culm sheaths, glabrous margins of culm sheaths and tomentose leaf ligules.
CHINA. Yunnan: Daguan County, Wumengshan National Nature Reserve, Sanjiangkou, 28°13'16"N, 103°54'1"E, 2260 m alt., 29 September 2018, Y.X. Zhang et al. 18180 (holotype: KUN!; isotype: KUN!).
Rhizomes pachymorph, rhizome neck 17–41 cm long, 0.4–0.6 cm in diameter, solid. Culms 2–5 m tall, 0.8–1.5 cm in diameter; internodes terete, 15–38 cm long, initially sparsely purple-spotted, thinly white powdery, densely below nodes, glabrous; culm wall 2–4 mm thick; nodes inconspicuous; sheath scar prominent, with persistent remains of sheath base. Branching from nodes 1–2 m above the ground, branches usually 3, the base appressed to the culm. Culm sheaths tardily deciduous, oblong, leathery, 1/3 to 1/2 as long as internodes, densely purple-spotted, sparsely setose or glabrous abaxially, margins glabrous; auricles narrowly falcate; oral setae radiate; ligules 1–3 mm tall, truncate, margins entire or shallowly serrate; blades erect or recurved, lanceolate. Foliage leaves 3–5 per ultimate branch, sometimes a slender branchlet with 3–5 foliage leaves extending from the apex of the ultimate branch; sheaths initially sparsely setose and white powdery, glabrescent, green or purple, margins glabrous; auricles narrowly falcate, deciduous; oral setae several, radiate, deciduous; ligules truncate or a little arched, 2–3 mm tall, tomentose abaxially; petiole puberulous, initially white powdery; blades 9.5–21 × 1.2–3 cm, shallowly wavy when dry, glabrous, glaucous abaxially, secondary veins 4–6 pairs, transverse veins conspicuous, apex tapering, margins serrate. Inflorescence unknown.
New shoots May to July.
This new species is only found in Daguan County, north-eastern Yunnan, China. It occurs above the upper limit of distribution of Chimonobambusa tumidissinoda Hsueh&T.P.Yi ex Ohrnberger in this area, and grows under the evergreen broadleaved forests at an altitude between 2200–2400 m.
The specific epithet refers to Professor Tong-Pei Yi (1933–2016), who made great contributions to the taxonomy of the alpine bamboos (particularly in Fargesia Franchet and Yushania P.C. Keng) in China.
CHINA. Yunnan: Daguan County, Wumengshan National Nature Reserve, Sanjiangkou, 28°14'11"N, 103°54'21"E, 2390 m alt., 24 May 2016, E.D. Liu et al. 4760 (KUN!), ibid., 28°13'44"N, 103°54'53"E, 2230 m alt., 28 September 2018, Y.X. Zhang et al. 18176, 18177 (KUN!).
The vegetative characters of Yushania tongpeii, such as three branches at the upper part of the nodes and medium height culms, are similar to the species of section Yushania, particularly the three species listed in Table
Y. tongpeii | Y. oblonga | Y. pingshanensis | Y. straminea | |
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Culm height | 2–5 m | 3–4.5 m | 1.2–2 m | 2–4 m |
Culm diameter | 0.8–1.5 cm | 1–2 cm | 0.5–0.75 cm | 0.6–1 cm |
Internode | 15–38 cm long, thinly white powdery, densely below nodes, glabrous | 28–40 cm long, initially white powdery, densely below nodes, glabrous | 13–35 cm long, a ring of white powder below nodes, glabrous | 18–29 cm long, thinly white powdery, densely below nodes, glabrous |
Branch complement | Usually 3 | 1–3 (5) | 1–3 | 1–3 |
Nodal sheath scar | Prominent | Prominent | Prominent | Prominent, initially retrorsely setose |
Culm sheath | Tardily deciduous, densely purple-spotted, sparsely setose or glabrous abaxially, margins glabrous | Persistent, white powdery, glabrous, margins densely yellow setulose | Persistent, densely light yellow verrucose setose abaxially, margins densely ciliate | Persistent, densely setose, margins densely ciliate |
Culm sheath auricle | Narrowly falcate | Falcate | Oblong or falcate | Falcate |
Culm sheath blade | Erect or recurved, lanceolate | Erect, linear-lanceolate | Recurved, triangular-linear or linear-lanceolate | Erect or recurved, oblong-triangular or elliptic-lanceolate |
Leaf number of the ultimate branch | 3–5 | 5–7 | 5–9 | 4–9 |
Leaf sheath | Initially sparsely setose and white powdery, glabrescent, margins glabrous | Glabrous, initially white powdery, margins glabrous | Glabrous, margins glabrous | Glabrous, usually white powdery, margins glabrous |
Leaf ligule | Truncate or a little arched, tomentose abaxially | Truncate, glabrous | Truncate, glabrous | arcuate |
Petiole | Puberulous, initially white powdery | White powdery | Purple | Puberulous, initially white powdery |
Leaf blade | 9.5–21 × 1.2–3 cm, glabrous | 14–17 × 3.6–4 cm, glabrous | 9–17 × 1.3–2.2 cm, glabrous | 7–19 × 1.6–2.6 cm, basally grey hairy |
Some researchers analysed the diversity and the distribution patterns of endemic seed plants in China (
We are indebted to Mr Song-Ming Zhang of Sanjiangkou, Wumengshan National Nature Reserve, Mr Jiang Zeng and Ms Chan Pu of Southwest Forestry University for their assistance in the fieldwork. We thank Ms Ling Wang of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences for the illustration. Thanks also go to Dr Linda E. Neaves of Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh and Dr Wen-Bin Yu of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences for their constructive suggestions in polishing the manuscript. This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 31430011 and 31760049).