Latest Articles from PhytoKeys Latest 14 Articles from PhytoKeys https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/ Thu, 28 Mar 2024 18:30:52 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from PhytoKeys https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/ Eugenia sarahchazaroi (Myrtaceae, Myrteae), a new species from the cloud forest of Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/111421/ PhytoKeys 236: 53-64

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.236.111421

Authors: Antonio Francisco-Gutiérrez, Miguel Cházaro-Basáñez, Rodrigo Carral-Domínguez, Héctor Narave-Flores, Luis Islas-Tello

Abstract: Following the description of Eugenia naraveana in 2016 from the cloud forest of the Cofre de Perote volcano, Mexico, the doubt about the existence of another unlocalized and sympatric species of Eugenia remained. After years of searching, the second endemic species of the Cofre de Perote volcano, Eugenia sarahchazaroi, is presented here. It belongs to the section Umbellatae, and is described, illustrated, and compared with E. naraveana and E. coetzalensis, recently described from Veracruz, the second state with the highest diversity of Eugenia in Mexico. The species is only known from the type locality and is classified in the Critically Endangered CR B1+B2(a,biii) category of the IUCN Red List conservation assessments.

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Research Article Wed, 29 Nov 2023 10:20:25 +0200
Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/105878/ PhytoKeys 230: 157-256

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878

Authors: J. Luis Vigosa-Mercado, Alfonso Delgado-Salinas, Leonardo O. Alvarado Cárdenas, Luis E. Eguiarte

Abstract: Agrostis is one of the most diverse genera of the Poaceae, including ca. 198 species, principally distributed in cold and temperate regions of the world, but also found in the high mountains of the tropics. We present a revision based on morphoanatomical evidence, for the biogeographic region known as Megamexico 3 (i.e., Mexico including the desert areas of southern USA and the Central America territory, to northern Nicaragua). We include taxonomic descriptions and an identification key for the found taxa, maps with the known geographical distribution of the species, and figures with the morphoanatomical characteristics, elevation and phenology. Agrostis is represented in the study zone by 20 species, of which four are endemic and three are introduced. Most records of the genus are distributed in the mountains, above 1500 m a.s.l., in open areas of temperate forests, with conifers and Quercus. Specimens with spikelets occur year round, but most records occur during the wet season, in the months of July to October. We propose a preliminary conservation assessment for each species in the study zone, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature categories: one with Deficient Data (DD), six as Endangered (EN), two as Vulnerable (VU), and 11 as Least Concern (LC).

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Monograph Fri, 11 Aug 2023 14:20:26 +0300
Mezcala – a new segregate genus of mimosoid legume (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade) narrowly endemic to the Balsas Depression in Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/78297/ PhytoKeys 205: 191-201

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.205.78297

Authors: Colin E. Hughes, Jens J. Ringelberg, Melissa Luckow, José Luis Contreras Jiménez

Abstract: Recent results have demonstrated that the genus Desmanthus is non-monophyletic because the genus Kanaloa is nested within it, with a single species, Desmanthus balsensis placed as sister to the clade comprising Kanaloa plus the remaining species of Desmanthus. Here we transfer D. balsensis to a new segregate genus Mezcala, discuss the morphological features supporting this new genus, present a key to distinguish Mezcala from closely related genera in the Leucaena subclade, and provide a distribution map of M. balsensis.

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Research Article Mon, 22 Aug 2022 19:00:06 +0300
Pollen morphology of the genera Hidalgoa and Dahlia (Coreopsideae, Asteraceae): implications for taxonomy https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/79501/ PhytoKeys 199: 187-202

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.199.79501

Authors: Erandi Sánchez-Chávez, Andrew Vovides, Victoria Sosa

Abstract: Hidalgoa and Dahlia are two closely related genera in Asteraceae, tribe Coreopsideae whose limits need to be clarified. Pollen morphology has been useful for delimitation at the genus level in this family. To better define these genera, the morphology of pollen grains was observed and measured using light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains of 25 species of Dahlia and Hidalgoa were acetolyzed and analyzed. Pollen is tricorporate in most of the species studied, although in a few species in Dahlia, grains were found to be hexacolporate. The most outstanding differentiating characters among species of Dahlia and Hidalgoa are colpus length (greater in Hidalgoa) and shape of spines (conical in Hidalgoa). In addition, lalongate ora are larger in Hidalgoa than in Dahlia. A PCA analysis of thirteen pollen characters, identified species of Hidalgoa in a discrete group and Dahlia cuspidata as an outlier. These distinctive attributes in pollen morphology support the idea that pollen morphology is useful for delimitation at the generic level in the Dahlia clade. Further evidence from other sources, genetic or anatomical, might contribute to demarcating Dahlia and Hidalgoa, and provide insight into the family’s evolutionary history.

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Research Article Mon, 13 Jun 2022 08:59:11 +0300
Pitcairnia abscondita (Pitcairnioideae, Bromeliaceae), a hidden novelty from north-western Jalisco, Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/76464/ PhytoKeys 189: 129-139

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.189.76464

Authors: Alejandra Flores-Argüelles, Ana Rosa López-Ferrari, Edith González-Rocha, Adolfo Espejo-Serna

Abstract: Pitcairnia abscondita sp. nov., known until now only from the Municipalities of Cabo Corrientes, Mascota, Puerto Vallarta, San Sebastián del Oeste and Talpa de Allende in the State of Jalisco, Mexico, is here described and illustrated. The new taxon was confused with P. imbricata for long time, but differs from this species by its green floral bracts with the apex divergent to spreading (vs. red and appressed) and by the appendiculate at the base chartreuse-green petals (vs. not appendiculate yellow petals). Images and a distribution map of the taxa are presented.

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Research Article Mon, 14 Feb 2022 18:54:15 +0200
Evaluating the monophyly of Mammillaria series Supertextae (Cactaceae) https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/62915/ PhytoKeys 177: 25-42

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.177.62915

Authors: Cristian R. Cervantes, Silvia Hinojosa-Alvarez, Ana Wegier, Ulises Rosas, Salvador Arias

Abstract: Mammillaria (Cactaceae) taxonomy has been historically problematic due to the morphological variability and sympatry of the species. This has led to several proposals for infrageneric classification, including subgeneric, section and series categories. Mammillaria ser. Supertextae is one of 15 series and is made up of a variable set of species that are mainly distributed in southern Mexico and Central America. However, the phylogenetic relationships within M. ser. Supertextae and its relationship to other Mammillaria taxa are far from fully understood. Here we attempt to elucidate these relationships using complete terminal sampling and newly obtained chloroplast marker sequences and comparing them to Mammillaria species sequences from GenBank. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that M. ser. Supertextae comprises a well-supported monophyletic group that diverged approximately 2.1 Mya and has M. ser. Polyacanthae as its sister group; however, relationships within M. ser. Supertextae remain unresolved. The topology obtained within M. ser. Supertextae must also be interpreted under the distribution shared by these taxa, but it is difficult to differentiate ancestral polymorphisms from possible introgression, given the short time elapsed and the markers used. Our results show that the infrageneric units of M. haageana and M. albilanata can be considered independent evolutionary units. We also suggest that the relationship between M. haageana and M. albilanata is convoluted because their distribution overlaps (mainly towards southern Mexico), with genetic differences that possibly indicate they represent more than two taxonomic entities. One possible explanation is that there could still be gene flow between these taxa, and we might be witnessing an ongoing speciation process.

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Research Article Wed, 28 Apr 2021 10:26:21 +0300
New combinations and updated descriptions in Podagrostis (Agrostidinae, Poaceae) from the Neotropics and Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/50042/ PhytoKeys 148: 21-50

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.148.50042

Authors: Steven P. Sylvester, Paul M. Peterson, Konstantin Romaschenko, William J. Bravo-Pedraza, Lia E. Cuta-Alarcon, Robert J. Soreng

Abstract: Based on morphological study and corroborated by unpublished molecular phylogenetic analyses, five grass species of high-mountain grasslands in Mexico, Central and South America, Agrostis bacillata, A. exserta, A. liebmannii, A. rosei, and A. trichodes, are transferred to Podagrostis and bring the number of species of this genus recognized in the New World to ten. The name Apera liebmannii is lectotypified and epitypified. We provide an updated genus description for Podagrostis, and updated species descriptions, images, and notes on the new combinations. The diagnostic characteristics differentiating Podagrostis from Agrostis are: a) palea that reaches from (2/3) ¾ to almost the apex of the lemma; b) florets that usually almost equal the length of the glumes or are at least ¾ the length of the glumes; c) rachilla extension present and emerging from under the base of the palea as a slender short stub (rudimentary or up to 1.4 mm long, sometimes obscure in most florets in P. rosei), smooth or scaberulous, glabrous or distally pilulose (hairs < 0.3 mm long); d) lemmas usually awnless, sometimes with a short straight awn 0.2–0.6 mm long, inserted medially or in the upper 1/3 of the lemma, not surpassing the glumes (awn well-developed, straight or geniculate and inserted in lower 1/3 of lemma, not or briefly surpassing glumes in P. rosei). We include a generic key to distinguish the species of Podagrostis from other similar genera in Latin America and a key to distinguish the species of Podagrostis now accepted as occurring in these areas.

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Research Article Tue, 26 May 2020 10:20:10 +0300
Novelties in the genus Viridantha Espejo (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/36959/ PhytoKeys 132: 99-110

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.132.36959

Authors: Rodrigo Alejandro Hernández-Cárdenas, Alejandra Serrato Díaz, Ana Rosa López-Ferrari, Adolfo Espejo-Serna

Abstract: Based on morphological evidence, we propose to raise Tillandsia mauryana forma secundifolia to species level with the name Viridantha secundifolia (Ehlers) Hern.-Cárdenas, Espejo & López-Ferr. Viridantha secundifolia can be readily distinguished by the falciform rosettes, the broadly oblong to square, 1–1.2 × 0.8–1.1 cm leaf sheaths and by the 1.8–2 × 0.7–1.2 cm floral bracts. Additionally, we describe and illustrate Viridantha uniflora Hern.-Cárdenas, Espejo & López-Ferr., from the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The new species is morphologically similar to Viridantha boqueronensis, but differs by the nearly square leaf sheaths, 1.3–1.5 × 0.4–0.5 cm spikes and by the presence of only one flower per spike. A key to the taxa, morphological descriptions, list of specimens examined, illustrations and a distribution map of the described taxa are included.

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Research Article Wed, 2 Oct 2019 13:28:58 +0300
The Reserva de la Biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán (Hidalgo): An illustrated checklist of bromeliads and orchids and their high levels of Mexican endemisms https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/31603/ PhytoKeys 118: 105-123

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.118.31603

Authors: Claudia T. Hornung-Leoni, Yesenia J. Chavarria-Olmedo, Ivón M. Ramírez-Morillo

Abstract: This study presents a list of species of the two most important families with epiphytic elements, Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae, from the Reserva de la Biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán (RBBM), the largest Reserve in Hidalgo, Mexico. Thirty-four species are included, 26 corresponding to species in three genera of bromeliads, and eight species in six genera of orchids. The new records represent 26.5% of the total listed in the area; nine of them are new records for the Reserve (RBBM) and one is new for Hidalgo State. This study reveals that endemism for both families is very important in the Reserve (55.88%), since it includes 13 Mexican bromeliads, of which two are endemic to Hidalgo and one to the Reserve, and three orchids, two endemic to Mexico and one to the Reserve. We found species with different types of relative abundance: rare (16) and occasional (7). Additionally, we include information about the category (IUCN, CITES, NOM-059-SEMARNAT) as well as uses reported in the literature for the species in the RBBM. The checklist is strictly based on information obtained from deposited herbarium specimens as well as from those collected during fieldwork. We suggest that a conservation plan (in situ and ex situ) for the RBBM is important and necessary. The predominant habit for both families is epiphytic (17 species); even though there are terrestrial (7) and saxicolous (2), and the remaining are facultative species (8). Nine species are included in some risk category. The present work is the most complete and updated list of Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae for this important natural area in the Mexican State of Hidalgo. However, more fieldwork is needed to document the biodiversity of the area in general and its flora in particular, as a way to highlight the importance of protected areas in preserving biodiversity.

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Checklist Tue, 12 Mar 2019 13:10:31 +0200
Taxonomic review of Ceratozamia (Zamiaceae) in the Sierra Madre Oriental, Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/23152/ PhytoKeys 100: 91-124

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.100.23152

Authors: Lilí Martínez-Domínguez, Fernando Nicolalde-Morejón, Francisco Vergara-Silva, Dennis Wm. Stevenson

Abstract: The genus Ceratozamia is revised for the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico. This region is one of the biogeographic areas with the greatest diversity of species in this genus. These species are highly variable morphologically and this variability has led to a complex taxonomic history with many synonyms, particularly with reference to C. mexicana. We present a comprehensive taxonomic revision with history of nomenclature and the morphology, relationships, distribution and use of these species. We also introduce a key for their identification, descriptions, full synonymy, nomenclatural notes, etymologies and neotypes as well as taxonomic comments describing relevant taxonomic changes. We recognise fourteen species in this biogeographic province: C. brevifrons, C. chamberlainii, C. decumbens, C. delucana, C. fuscoviridis, C. hildae, C. kuesteriana, C. latifolia, C. mexicana, C. morettii, C. sabatoi, C. tenuis, C. totonacorum and C. zaragozae. This study provides a foundation for future taxonomic work in Neotropical species of Ceratozamia.

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Research Article Thu, 21 Jun 2018 11:06:59 +0300
A new species of Amphitecna (Bignoniaceae) endemic to Chiapas, Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/8454/ PhytoKeys 65: 15-23

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.65.8454

Authors: Andres Ernesto Ortiz-Rodriguez, Carlos Manuel Burelo Ramos, Héctor Gomez-Dominguez

Abstract: Amphitecna loreae Ortiz-Rodr. & Burelo, sp. nov. (Bignoniaceae), a new species endemic to the karst rainforest in southern Mexico, is described and illustrated. The new species differs from the other species of Amphitecna by the combination of cauliflorous inflorescences, larger flowers, buds rounded at apex, and globose-ellipsoid rather than acuminate fruits. A key to the Mexican species of Amphitecna is presented.

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Research Article Wed, 15 Jun 2016 12:56:06 +0300
Lachemilla mexiquense (Rosaceae), a new species from Mexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/7953/ PhytoKeys 62: 25-32

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.62.7953

Authors: Diego F. Morales-Briones

Abstract: A new species of Lachemilla (Rosaceae), Lachemilla mexiquense D.F. Morales-B., from Mexico is described and illustrated. This species is similar to Lachemilla aphanoides by its tripartite leaves and glomerulate inflorescence with entirely glabrous flowers, but it differs by its stonoliferous habit, persistent basal leaves and basal stipules, and smaller flowers with a campanulate-elongate hypanthium and single carpel. A key to the species of Lachemilla in Mexico is provided.

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Research Article Fri, 25 Mar 2016 10:00:49 +0200
Morphological analyses suggest a new taxonomic circumscription for Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1528/ PhytoKeys 38: 101-118

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.38.7408

Authors: Isys Souza, Ligia Funch, Luciano de Queiroz

Abstract: Hymenaea is a genus of the Resin-producing Clade of the tribe Detarieae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) with 14 species. Hymenaea courbaril is the most widespread species of the genus, ranging from southern Mexico to southeastern Brazil. As currently circumscribed, H. courbaril is a polytypic species with six varieties: var. altissima, var. courbaril, var. longifolia, var. stilbocarpa, var. subsessilis, and var. villosa. These varieties are distinguishable mostly by traits related to leaflet shape and indumentation, and calyx indumentation. We carried out morphometric analyses of 14 quantitative (continuous) leaf characters in order to assess the taxonomy of H. courbaril under the Unified Species Concept framework. Cluster analysis used the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were carried out based on the same morphometric matrix. Two sets of Analyses of Similarity and Non Parametric Multivariate Analysis of Variance were carried out to evaluate statistical support (1) for the major groups recovered using UPGMA and PCA, and (2) for the varieties. All analyses recovered three major groups coincident with (1) var. altissima, (2) var. longifolia, and (3) all other varieties. These results, together with geographical and habitat information, were taken as evidence of three separate metapopulation lineages recognized here as three distinct species. Nomenclatural adjustments, including reclassifying formerly misapplied types, are proposed.

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Research Article Wed, 18 Jun 2014 00:00:00 +0300
A synopsis of the New World species of Drypetes section Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) with asymmetrical fruits, including description of a new species https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1492/ PhytoKeys 29: 75-87

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.29.6004

Authors: Geoffrey Levin

Abstract: A synopsis of the New World species of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) with asymmetrical drupes is presented. The group consists of three species: D. alba, with two varieties, from the West Indies, D. gentryi from Mexico, and the newly described D. asymmetricarpa from Costa Rica. The new species can be distinguished from both its relatives by its longer fruiting pedicels. In addition, the new species differs from D.alba by its larger fruits, and from D. gentryi byshorter staminate pedicels and stigmas borne on styles (rather than sessile). Lectotypes are designated for D. alba var. latifolia and D. incurva.

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Research Article Fri, 22 Nov 2013 00:00:00 +0200