Latest Articles from PhytoKeys Latest 21 Articles from PhytoKeys https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/ Fri, 29 Mar 2024 18:01:40 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from PhytoKeys https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/ Rhynchospora mesoatlantica (Cyperaceae), an imperiled new species of beaksedge from eastern U.S.A. https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/111271/ PhytoKeys 236: 65-81

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.236.111271

Authors: Amanda Treher Eberly, Robert F. C. Naczi

Abstract: Rhynchospora mesoatlantica sp. nov. (Cyperaceae) is described, illustrated, and compared with morphologically similar species. Rhynchospora mesoatlantica is known only from southern Delaware, southeastern Maryland, and southern New Jersey, all within the Mid-Atlantic region of the U.S.A. It inhabits sunny, wet margins of natural, shallow, nutrient-poor, seasonal ponds of the Coastal Plain. Narrow leaf blades; fruits obpyriform in outline; faces of mature fruits possessing a central, pale, well-demarcated disk; and fruit tubercle margins denticulate for most of their lengths indicate R. mesoatlantica is most similar to R. filifolia and R. harperi. Rhynchospora mesoatlantica is unique in its fruit dimensions, scales intermediate in length between R. filifolia and R. harperi, and relatively long fruit stipe. The NatureServe rank of Critically Imperiled and the IUCN rank of Endangered appear warranted for R. mesoatlantica because only six populations are known to be extant, most quite small and isolated; all populations occur within a small geographic area; populations have declined; and serious threats confront the survival of the species.

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Research Article Fri, 1 Dec 2023 17:37:28 +0200
Revision of the genus Agrostis (Poaceae, Pooideae, Poeae) in Megamexico https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/105878/ PhytoKeys 230: 157-256

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.230.105878

Authors: J. Luis Vigosa-Mercado, Alfonso Delgado-Salinas, Leonardo O. Alvarado Cárdenas, Luis E. Eguiarte

Abstract: Agrostis is one of the most diverse genera of the Poaceae, including ca. 198 species, principally distributed in cold and temperate regions of the world, but also found in the high mountains of the tropics. We present a revision based on morphoanatomical evidence, for the biogeographic region known as Megamexico 3 (i.e., Mexico including the desert areas of southern USA and the Central America territory, to northern Nicaragua). We include taxonomic descriptions and an identification key for the found taxa, maps with the known geographical distribution of the species, and figures with the morphoanatomical characteristics, elevation and phenology. Agrostis is represented in the study zone by 20 species, of which four are endemic and three are introduced. Most records of the genus are distributed in the mountains, above 1500 m a.s.l., in open areas of temperate forests, with conifers and Quercus. Specimens with spikelets occur year round, but most records occur during the wet season, in the months of July to October. We propose a preliminary conservation assessment for each species in the study zone, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature categories: one with Deficient Data (DD), six as Endangered (EN), two as Vulnerable (VU), and 11 as Least Concern (LC).

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Monograph Fri, 11 Aug 2023 14:20:26 +0300
Independent origins of Spiranthes ×kapnosperia (Orchidaceae) and their nomenclatural implications https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/100062/ PhytoKeys 226: 89-100

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.226.100062

Authors: Matthew C. Pace

Abstract: Spiranthes Rich. (Orchidaceae) is a commonly encountered but systematically and nomenclaturally challenging component of the North American orchid flora. Here, the evolutionary history and hybrid origin of the recently described S. sheviakii Hough and Young are critically examined. The available molecular data unambiguously support a hybrid origin of S. cernua (L.) Rich. × S. ochroleuca (Rydb.) Rydb. for S. sheviakii, the same parentage as the priority name S. × kapnosperia M.C. Pace. As hybrid formulas can have only one correct name, S. sheviakii is a synonym of S. × kapnosperia. It is likely that S. × kapnosperia evolved independently at least twice in at least two widely disjunct locations.

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Short Communication Fri, 19 May 2023 20:45:56 +0300
Vascular plant biodiversity of Katannilik Territorial Park, Kimmirut and vicinity on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada: an annotated checklist of an Arctic flora https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/90573/ PhytoKeys 217: 1-135

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.217.90573

Authors: Jeffery M. Saarela, Paul C. Sokoloff, Lynn J. Gillespie, Roger D. Bull

Abstract: The Arctic ecozone is undergoing a rapid transformation in response to climate change. Establishing a baseline of current Arctic biodiversity is necessary to be able to track changes in species diversity and distribution over time. Here, we report a vascular plant floristic study of Katannilik Territorial Park, Kimmirut and vicinity within Circumpolar Arctic Bioclimate Subzone D on southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. We compiled a dataset of 1596 collections gathered in the study area throughout the last century, including 838 we made in 2012. The vascular flora comprises 35 families, 98 genera, 211 species, two nothospecies and seven infraspecific taxa. We newly recorded 51 taxa in 22 families in the study area: Erigeron eriocephalus, Taraxacum holmenianum (Asteraceae), Draba arctica, D. fladnizensis, D. lactea (Brassicaceae), Campanula rotundifolia (Campanulaceae), Arenaria longipedunculata, Honckenya peploides subsp. diffusa, Sabulina rossii, Silene uralensis subsp. uralensis, Viscaria alpina (Caryophyllaceae), Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens, C. krausei, C. microglochin, C. subspathacea, C. williamsii, Eriophorum scheuchzeri subsp. arcticum (Cyperaceae), Andromeda polifolia, Orthilia secunda subsp. obtusata (Ericaceae), Oxytropis podocarpa (Fabaceae), Luzula groenlandica (Juncaceae), Triglochin palustris (Juncaginaceae), Utricularia ochroleuca (Lentibulariaceae), Huperzia continentalis (Lycopodiaceae), Montia fontana (Montiaceae), Corallorhiza trifida, Platanthera obtusata subsp. obtusata (Orchidaceae), Hippuris lanceolata, H. vulgaris, Plantago maritima (Plantaginaceae), Calamagrostis neglecta subsp. groenlandica, C. purpurascens, Festuca prolifera var. lasiolepis, F. rubra subsp. rubra, F. rubra subsp. arctica, Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum, Leymus mollis subsp. mollis, L. mollis subsp. villosissimus, Puccinellia vaginata (Poaceae), Primula egaliksensis (Primulaceae), Cryptogramma stelleri (Pteridaceae), Coptidium × spitsbergense (Ranunculaceae), Potentilla crantzii, P. hyparctica subsp. hyparctica, Rubus chamaemorus, Sibbaldia procumbens (Rosaceae), Salix fuscescens (Salicaceae), Micranthes foliolosa, M. nivalis, M. tenuis (Saxifragaceae) and Woodsia alpina (Woodsiaceae). We recorded 196 taxa in Katannilik Territorial Park (191 species, three infraspecific taxa and two nothospecies); 145 of these taxa are first records for the park. We recorded 170 taxa in Kimmirut and vicinity (166 species, three infraspecific taxa and one nothospecies) in Kimmirut and vicinity; 15 of these taxa are first records for Kimmirut and vicinity. All study area species are native, except two grasses that grew in Kimmirut: F. rubra subsp. rubra, which may have been seeded and Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum, of unknown origin. We summarize the distribution on Baffin Island for each taxon recorded in the study area, including several unpublished southern Baffin Island records.

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Monograph Wed, 4 Jan 2023 19:00:22 +0200
Townsendia lemhiensis (Asteraceae, Astereae): A narrowly endemic new species from Idaho, USA https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/76365/ PhytoKeys 193: 67-75

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.193.76365

Authors: Christopher Lee, Curtis R. Björk, Jeannette Whitton

Abstract: Townsendia lemhiensis (Asteraceae) is described from the Lemhi Valley of east-central Idaho. From a genus with weak intrinsic isolating barriers, T. lemhiensis remains distinct apparently due to apomixis and to its isolation and habitat specialization on spatially limited occurrences of ashy white soils in the Lemhi Valley. Despite similarities to T. spathulata, this new species differs in its persistent pappus, fewer series of phyllaries and sericeous rather than long woolly hairs.

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Research Article Tue, 22 Mar 2022 09:40:48 +0200
How many type specimens can be stored in old lesser-known herbaria with turbulent histories? – A Juncus case study reveals their importance in taxonomy and biodiversity research https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/50735/ PhytoKeys 153: 85-110

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.153.50735

Authors: Jarosław Proćków, Anna Faltyn-Parzymska, Paweł Jarzembowski, Małgorzata Proćków, Anna Jakubska-Busse

Abstract: Many herbarium sets in Europe are still being catalogued and it is likely that many old-type collections are yet to be discovered. This research has the potential to facilitate the study of the biodiversity of many regions, especially regions for which collections are extremely scarce. This has been confirmed by a case study using Juncus (Juncaceae) examining the turbulent history of botanical collections at the WRSL herbarium and the evaluation of its importance to the study of taxonomy and biodiversity since 1821. The analysis revealed that the WRSL collection is rich in types (ca. 3.6%) and we identified 76 (of 78) new, historically and nomenclaturally important specimens (types, original material and so-called “topotypes”). Some of these type specimens represent duplicates of these that were stored in Berlin and destroyed during World War II. Many of the type specimens are from the United States of America, South Africa, India, and Canada. The largest number of Juncus type specimens stored at WRSL originate from South Africa (42.3% of all type specimens), even though Juncus is rare in Africa. Our study highlights that uncatalogued old collections that are under-explored and under-exploited have the potential to facilitate the discovery of specimens important for the study of biodiversity, conservation, taxonomy and nomenclature.

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Data Paper Thu, 16 Jul 2020 13:14:57 +0300
Revision of Fothergilla (Hamamelidaceae), including resurrection of F. parvifolia and a new species, F. milleri https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/49589/ PhytoKeys 144: 57-80

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.144.49589

Authors: Jake E. Haynes, Whitney D. Phillips, Alexander Krings, Nathan P. Lynch, Thomas G. Ranney

Abstract: Fothergilla is a small genus of deciduous shrubs native to the southeastern United States that depending on circumscription comprises two to four species. Recent treatments recognized only two species in the genus: F. gardenii (tetraploid) and F. major (hexaploid). Until recently, no diploid taxon of Fothergilla was known. However, recent investigations identified a number of diploid populations in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. A subsequent phylogenomic analysis showed that the diploids segregated into two, well-supported lineages, corresponding to largely allopatric populations. A re-examination of the morphology of diploid plants, in combination with the genetic evidence, has led us to the recognition of two species of diploids in the genus – a resurrected F. parvifolia and a new species (F. milleri W.D. Phillips & J.E. Haynes, sp. nov.) – bringing the total number of recognized species in Fothergilla to four. A revised taxonomic treatment of the genus is provided.

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Research Article Tue, 17 Mar 2020 10:00:34 +0200
Vascular plants of Victoria Island (Northwest Territories and Nunavut, Canada): a specimen-based study of an Arctic flora https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/48810/ PhytoKeys 141: 1-330

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.141.48810

Authors: Jeffery M. Saarela, Paul C. Sokoloff, Lynn J. Gillespie, Roger D. Bull, Bruce A. Bennett, Serguei Ponomarenko

Abstract: Victoria Island in Canada’s western Arctic is the eighth largest island in the world and the second largest in Canada. Here, we report the results of a floristic study of vascular plant diversity of Victoria Island. The study is based on a specimen-based dataset comprising 7031 unique collections from the island, including some 2870 new collections gathered between 2008 and 2019 by the authors and nearly 1000 specimens variously gathered by N. Polunin (in 1947), M. Oldenburg (1940s–1950s) and S. Edlund (1980s) that, until recently, were part of the unprocessed backlog of the National Herbarium of Canada and unavailable to researchers. Results are presented in an annotated checklist, including keys and distribution maps for all taxa, citation of specimens, comments on taxonomy, distribution and the history of documentation of taxa across the island, and photographs for a subset of taxa. The vascular plant flora of Victoria Island comprises 38 families, 108 genera, 272 species, and 17 additional taxa. Of the 289 taxa known on the island, 237 are recorded from the Northwest Territories portion of the island and 277 from the Nunavut part. Thirty-nine taxa are known on the island from a single collection, seven from two collections and three from three collections. Twenty-one taxa in eight families are newly recorded for the flora of Victoria Island: Artemisia tilesii, Senecio lugens, Taraxacum scopulorum (Asteraceae); Crucihimalaya bursifolia, Draba fladnizensis, D. juvenilis, D. pilosa, D. simmonsii (Brassicaceae); Carex bigelowii subsp. bigelowii, Eriophorum russeolum subsp. albidum (Cyperaceae); Anthoxanthum monticola subsp. monticola, Bromus pumpellianus, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa, D. sukatschewii, Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, Lolium perenne, Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis (Poaceae); Stuckenia filiformis (Potamogetonaceae); Potentilla × prostrata (Rosaceae); Galium aparine (Rubiaceae); and Salix ovalifolia var. ovalifolia (Salicaceae). Eight of these are new to the flora of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago: Senecio lugens, Draba juvenilis, D. pilosa, Anthoxanthum monticola subsp. monticola, Bromus pumpellianus, Deschampsia cespitosa subsp. cespitosa, Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis and Salix ovalifolia var. ovalifolia. One of these, Galium aparine, is newly recorded for the flora of Nunavut. Four first records for Victoria Island are introduced plants discovered in Cambridge Bay in 2017: three grasses (Festuca rubra subsp. rubra, Lolium perenne, and Poa pratensis subsp. pratensis) and Galium aparine. One taxon, Juncus arcticus subsp. arcticus, is newly recorded from the Northwest Territories. Of the general areas on Victoria Island that have been botanically explored the most, the greatest diversity of vascular plants is recorded in Ulukhaktok (194 taxa) and the next most diverse area is Cambridge Bay (183 taxa). The floristic data presented here represent a new baseline on which continued exploration of the vascular flora of Victoria Island – particularly the numerous areas of the island that remain unexplored or poorly explored botanically – will build.

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Monograph Fri, 6 Mar 2020 08:57:07 +0200
Deciphering the sexual diploid members of the Boechera suffrutescens complex (Brassicaceae, Boechereae) https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/24296/ PhytoKeys 98: 15-50

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.98.24296

Authors: David P. Morin, Patrick J. Alexander, James B. Beck, Michael D. Windham, C. Donovan Bailey

Abstract: Boechera is a model genus that is of particular interest for understanding apomixis due to the presence of numerous apomictic diploid lineages that are tightly correlated with hybridisation events. Boechera includes many narrowly distributed endemics and apomictic hybrid lineages that obscure morphological boundaries amongst taxa. In this study, we focus on the Boechera suffrutescens complex, a phylogenetically well-supported but taxonomically complex north-western United States clade whose diploid species currently include the widespread B. suffrutescens and two narrowly distributed serpentine endemics, B. constancei and B. rollei. Using a 15-locus microsatellite dataset, we infer ploidy and sexual vs. apomictic reproduction for all individuals and then assess species limits for all sexual diploid samples. Our results support the recognition of B. rollei and B. constancei as distinct species and reveal three divergent sexual diploid lineages within B. suffrutescens sensu lato. The latter three lineages exhibit geographic, genetic and morphological coherence and consequently warrant recognition at the species rank. These include Boechera suffrutescens s.s., which is restricted to Idaho and eastern Oregon, Boechera botulifructa, a newly described species distributed along the Cascade Mountain Province from Lassen County, California north to Deschutes County, Oregon and the heretofore dismissed species Boechera duriuscula (basionym ≡ Arabis duriuscula), which occurs along the Sierra Nevada Province from Plumas County southwards to Fresno County, California. Our data also reveal substructure in B. constancei that is likely attributable to the highly fragmented distribution of its serpentine habitat. This refined taxonomic framework for the B. suffrutescens complex enhances Boechera as a model system, adds to our knowledge of speciation in edaphically extreme environments and provides information on ongoing conservation efforts for these taxa.

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Research Article Wed, 2 May 2018 13:49:29 +0300
Ex uno, multis: taxonomic revision in Navarretia divaricata (Polemoniaceae) and the recognition of four additional cryptic or near-cryptic species https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/21530/ PhytoKeys 91: 39-83

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.91.21530

Authors: Leigh A. Johnson, David Gowen

Abstract: Navarretia divaricata, endemic to western North America and most recently considered a single species with two subspecies, was re-examined in light of field work, DNA sequences, comparative morphology, and a review of herbarium specimens including types. From these studies, we lectotypify the material on which N. divaricata is based, elevate N. divaricata subsp. vividior, which is an allotetraploid, to species rank (as N. vividior comb. et stat. nov.), and recognize three additional species: N. modocensis sp. nov., N. aeroides sp. nov., and N. torreyella sp. nov. Navarretia modocensis, the diploid paternal progenitor of N. vividior, is morphologically cryptic with respect to its allotetraploid offspring and difficult to distinguish on herbarium sheets. Navarretia aeroides, the diploid maternal progenitor of N. vividior, is nearly cryptic, but more easily distinguished from both N. modocensis and N. vividior by its smaller, more glandular inflorescences. Navarretia torreyella is readily distinguished from all of these species, but has been generally mistaken for N. divaricata subsp. vividior given its colored corolla tube and rare co-occurrence with the other vividior-like species. Conservation assessments, an identification key, and table of comparative morphological features are provided for each species, emended descriptions for N. divaricata and N. vividior, and a discussion of the syntypes for Gilia divaricata Torr. ex A.Gray.

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Research Article Tue, 5 Dec 2017 09:49:18 +0200
Typifications for Galactia purshii and G. volubilis (Fabaceae) https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/14935/ PhytoKeys 85: 11-26

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.85.14935

Authors: Alan R. Franck

Abstract: The pervasive difficulties encountered with studying Galactia in the eastern USA necessitate additional typifications to stabilize the taxonomy. Galactia purshii is lectotypified here as the earliest available but overlooked name for a fairly common species of the Atlantic Coast and peninsular Florida. Galactia volubilis is epitypified here since the characterization of the species has been limited by its lectotype being an illustration. A lectotype is designated for Galactia pilosa var. angustifolia, a form with narrow leaves here considered synonymous with G. volubilis.

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Research Article Wed, 9 Aug 2017 09:49:10 +0300
Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/13106/ PhytoKeys 81: 79-102

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106

Authors: Ben S. Legler, Markus S. Dillenberger

Abstract: Sabulina basaltica and Sabulina sororia (Caryophyllaceae) are described as new species endemic to Washington State, U.S.A. Sabulina basaltica is restricted to high-elevation, basalt rocks in the northeastern Olympic Mountains, and Sabulina sororia to high-elevation, dunite rocks of the Twin Sisters Range in the North Cascade Mountains. Both were previously confused with Sabulina rossii (formerly called Arenaria rossii or Minuartia rossii). Their recognition as distinct species is supported by morphological and molecular characters and disjunct geographic distributions. Both are illustrated, mapped and compared to related species. We also present a molecular phylogeny of Sabulina based on nuclear ITS and plastid trnQ-rps16 DNA with increased sampling of North American taxa. The phylogeny resolves a single clade containing all glabrous, perennial, North American Sabulina taxa including Sabulina rossii and both of the new species.

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Research Article Thu, 15 Jun 2017 10:58:10 +0300
Isoetes mississippiensis: A new quillwort from Mississippi, USA https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/10380/ PhytoKeys 74: 97-106

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.74.10380

Authors: Peter W. Schafran, Steven W. Leonard, Rebecca D. Bray, W. Carl Taylor, Lytton J. Musselman

Abstract: Isoetes mississippiensis S.W. Leonard, W.C. Taylor, L.J. Musselman and R.D. Bray (Isoetaceae, Lycopodiophyta) is a new species known from two sites along tributaries of the Pearl River in southern Mississippi. This species is distinguished from other species in the southeastern United States by a combination of character states including a basic diploid (2n=22) chromosome count, laevigate megaspores, and a narrow velum covering less than one-third of the adaxial sporangium wall.

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Research Article Tue, 8 Nov 2016 10:02:37 +0200
Cornus × elwinortonii and Cornus × rutgersensis (Cornaceae), new names for two artificially produced hybrids of big-bracted dogwoods https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/5829/ PhytoKeys 55: 93-111

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.55.9112

Authors: Robert Mattera, Thomas Molnar, Lena Struwe

Abstract: Big-bracted dogwoods (Cornus sp.) are well-known plants in North America and eastern Asia where they occur as wild, generally spring-flowering understory trees. They are also popular ornamental landscape plants, and many economically important cultivars are propagated and sold across North America, Europe, and Asia. Starting in the late 1960s, Elwin Orton of Rutgers University in New Jersey (USA) utilized three geographically disjunct species of dogwoods, C. florida (eastern North America), C. nuttallii (western North America), and C. kousa (East Asia), in an extensive interspecific hybridization program. He was successful in developing the first-ever interspecific F1 hybrids of these species, several of which have become staple items in the ornamental nursery trade due to their enhanced ornamental qualities and resistance to diseases. The original F1 plants are still alive at Rutgers University. While they have been available for decades in horticultural commerce, the interspecific hybrid crosses were never formally described and their scientific hybrid names were never published. For the C. kousa × C. florida hybrids, the name Cornus ‘rutgersensis’ has been used on occasion in the horticultural trade, but without proper citation and description. Here, it is formally named Cornus × rutgersensis Mattera, T. Molnar, & Struwe, hybr. nov. For the C. kousa × C. nuttallii hybrids, no previous name has been used, and it is hereby named Cornus × elwinortonii Mattera, T. Molnar, & Struwe, hybr. nov. The need for providing scientific names for commonly used horticultural hybrids is discussed. Holotype material for both hybrid names was collected from the original F1 hybrids for full documentation, typification, and description. The comparative intermediate development of leaves, inflorescence structures, and fruit types of the hybrids and their parents is discussed and illustrated. Etymology, phenology, and cultivation aspects of these hybrids and their cultivars including backcrosses to C. kousa are also presented.

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Research Article Wed, 5 Aug 2015 00:00:00 +0300
Species delimitation and recognition in the Pediomelum megalanthum complex (Fabaceae) via multivariate morphometrics https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/4501/ PhytoKeys 44: 65-87

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.44.8750

Authors: Ashley N. Egan

Abstract: Pediomelum is a genus endemic to North America comprising about 26 species, including the megalanthum complex, which consists of P. megalanthum and its varieties retrorsum and megalanthum, P. mephiticum, and the recently described P. verdiense and P. pauperitense. Historically, species of the megalanthum complex have been variably recognized at the species or variety levels, dependent upon the relative importance of morphological characters as diagnostic of species. Ten quantitative morphological characters regarded as diagnostic at the species level were analyzed using multivariate morphometrics across these taxa in order to examine the discriminatory power of these characters to delineate species and to aid in species delimitation. The analyses support the recognition of P. megalanthum, P. mephiticum, and P. verdiense at the species level, P. retrorsum as a variety under P. megalanthum, and suggest the sinking of P. pauperitense into P. verdiense. The findings of the present study help quantify the power of certain characters at delimiting taxa and provide a basis for taxonomic revision of the P. megalanthum complex.

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Research Article Tue, 13 Jan 2015 00:00:00 +0200
Crataegus ×ninae-celottiae and C. ×cogswellii (Rosaceae, Maleae), two spontaneously formed intersectional nothospecies https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1524/ PhytoKeys 36: 1-26

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.36.6784

Authors: Knud Ib Christensen, Mehdi Zarrei, Maria Kuzmina, Nadia Talent, Charlotte Lin, Timothy Dickinson

Abstract: Crataegus monogyna Jacq. is naturalized in North America, where it has hybridized with native diploid hawthorns at least twice. We provide names for the two nothospecies (as well as for the corresponding nothosections and nothoseries), referring to existing documentation in the literature for nothosp. nov. Crataegus ×ninae-celottiae K.I. Chr. & T.A. Dickinson (C. monogyna × C. punctata Jacq.). New data are provided to further document nothosp. nov. Crataegus ×cogswellii K.I. Chr. & T.A. Dickinson (C. monogyna × C. suksdorfii (Sarg.) Kruschke). In both cases, the striking differences in leaf shape between most New World hawthorns and Old World section Crataegus, and the intermediacy of the hybrids, account for the relative ease with which these hybrids can be recognized. Finally, new sequence data from ITS2 and chloroplast DNA barcoding loci confirm the genetic relationships between the two nothospecies and their respective parents.

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Research Article Wed, 9 Apr 2014 00:00:00 +0300
Two new desert Eschscholzia (Papaveraceae) from southwestern North America https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1516/ PhytoKeys 35: 45-56

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.35.6751

Authors: Shannon Still

Abstract: Two new species of Eschscholzia are described. Both are found in the deserts of California and one extends outside the state boundary into Arizona. Eschscholzia androuxii Still, sp.nov. is found mainly in and around Joshua Tree National Park in Riverside and San Bernardino counties. Eschscholzia papastillii Still, sp. nov. is found from the northern Mojave south through Joshua Tree National Park to central Imperial County. Both are annuals found in coarse, sandy soil and have yellow flowers typical of desert Eschscholzia. Eschscholzia papastillii has an expanded receptacular rim similar to that of E. californica. Eschscholzia androuxii has anthocyanin bands around the stamen filaments.

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Research Article Tue, 11 Mar 2014 00:00:00 +0200
The correct name for a subspecies of Oenothera fruticosa L. (Onagraceae) https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1513/ PhytoKeys 34: 15-17

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.34.7040

Authors: Warren Wagner

Abstract: In 1978 when Straley adopted the name Oenothera fruticosa L. subsp. glauca (Michx.) Straley for one of the two recognized subspecies of O. fruticosa it was the correct name for this taxon; however, since that time the botanical code has changed so that now an autonym is treated aspriority over the name or names of the same date and rank that established it. This change means that since 1981 O. fruticosa subsp. glauca was no longer the correct name. The appropriate combination for it is made here as O. fruticosa L. subsp. tetragona (Roth) W.L. Wagner. Original material for the basionym, O. tetragona, is no longer extant so a neotype is designated.

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Short Communication Fri, 31 Jan 2014 00:00:00 +0200
Lucky morning glory, Calystegia felix (Convolvulaceae): a new species from Southern California, with notes on the historical ecology of the Chino ciénega belt https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1505/ PhytoKeys 32: 1-26

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.32.6020

Authors: Mitchell Provance, Andrew Sanders

Abstract: A new morning glory, Calystegia felix Provance & A.C. Sanders sp. nov. (Convolvulaceae), is described from the Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana River basins. Historical collections of the species, which prior to 2011 had not been seen alive in 94 years, have been misidentified as Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. subsp. binghamiae (Greene) Brummitt. The undescribed species was rediscovered in the City of Chino in April of 2011, a few miles north of the location where the most recent previous collection had been made by I. M. Johnston in 1917. The plants were found just prior to their likely destruction by grading and trenching for an underground power line. Intensive searches have resulted in the discovery of five additional occurrences, all of them in the City of Chino. Calystegia felix is at high risk of soon becoming extinct in the wild. All of the known extant occurrences are associated with well-watered landscaping on recently completed industrial, commercial, and residential developments. Every known living occurrence is within the limits of a ciénega belt, which is now mostly historical. Otherwise, the new species is only known only from collections made around the turn of the 20th century in what are now heavily urbanized areas, including one from South Los Angeles and another from Pico Rivera in Los Angeles County. Calystegia felix lacks the large bracts that immediately subtend, and enclose the calyx, which are always present in members of the C. sepium complex. Affinities to C. felix are found among other western US species with graduated sepals and small, often somewhat remote bracts. We discuss the enduring confusion between C. felix and C. sepium subsp. binghamiae, and differentiate the new species from some of its more likely relatives. The taxonomic treatment is supplemented by photos of herbarium specimens and living plants. We also discuss the ecological setting of Chino’s ciénega belt, which was a mosaic of palustrine wetlands.

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Research Article Wed, 18 Dec 2013 00:00:00 +0200
Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN): a community contributed taxonomic checklist of all vascular plants of Canada, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and Greenland https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1551/ PhytoKeys 25: 55-67

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.25.3100

Authors: Peter Desmet, Luc Brouilet

Abstract: The Database of Vascular Plants of Canada or VASCAN (http://data.canadensys.net/vascan) is a comprehensive and curated checklist of all vascular plants reported in Canada, Greenland (Denmark), and Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France). VASCAN was developed at the Université de Montréal Biodiversity Centre and is maintained by a group of editors and contributors. For every core taxon in the checklist (species, subspecies, or variety), VASCAN provides the accepted scientific name, the accepted French and English vernacular names, and their synonyms/alternatives in Canada, as well as the distribution status (native, introduced, ephemeral, excluded, extirpated, doubtful or absent) of the plant for each province or territory, and the habit (tree, shrub, herb and/or vine) of the plant in Canada. For reported hybrids (nothotaxa or hybrid formulas) VASCAN also provides the hybrid parents, except if the parents of the hybrid do not occur in Canada. All taxa are linked to a classification. VASCAN refers to a source for all name, classification and distribution information.All data have been released to the public domain under a CC0 waiver and are available through Canadensys and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). VASCAN is a service to the scientific community and the general public, including administrations, companies, and non-governmental organizations.

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Data Paper Wed, 24 Jul 2013 00:00:00 +0300
Taxonomic synopsis of invasive and native Spartina (Poaceae, Chloridoideae) in the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Washington and Oregon), including the first report of Spartina ×townsendii for British Columbia, Canada https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/1409/ PhytoKeys 10: 25-82

DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.10.2734

Authors: Jeffery Saarela

Abstract: Five species of the grass genus Spartina are invading salt marshes along the Pacific coast of North America, of which three have been documented in British Columbia, Canada, in only the last decade. A taxonomic synopsis of the two native (S. gracilis, S. pectinata) and five introduced Spartina taxa (S. anglica, S. alterniflora, S. densiflora, S. patens, S. ×townsendii) in the Pacific Northwest is presented to facilitate their identification, including nomenclature, a new taxonomic key, new descriptions for a subset of taxa, and representative specimens. Spartina ×townsendii is newly reported for the flora of British Columbia. The non-coastal species S. pectinata is reported from an urban site in British Columbia, the first confirmed report of the taxon for the province. Lectotypes are newly designated for S. anglica C.E. Hubb., S. maritimasubvar.fallax St.-Yves, and S. cynosuroides f. major St.-Yves.

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Research Article Wed, 21 Mar 2012 00:00:00 +0200