Corresponding author: Xing Jin He (
Academic editor: P. de Lange
Based on morphology and molecular data, a new species
Xiao QY, Tan JB, Hu HY, Zhou SD, He XJ (2017)
According to morphological data, the genus
During examining specimens of
Related specimens deposited in C, CDBI, HNWP, K, KUN, NAS, PE, SZ, XJA and XJBI were studied. Protologues and images of type specimens were gathered fromTropicos (
Sampling was conducted from type localities of
Total genomic DNA was extracted from silica gel-dried leaves and herbarium materials according to the protocols of plant genomic DNA kit (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing, China). The internal transcribed spacer (
62 accessions were obtained from GenBank for the
SeqMan (
These characters of
Diagnostic morphological characters of
Main morphological difference between
Charactes |
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Hairs | very dense | sparse or dense | dense | dense |
Root | cylindric, much-branched | fusiform, unbranched | incomplete material | incomplete material |
Caudex | underground, much-branched, long branches, with distinct nodes | overground or emergent, unbranched to much-branched, short branches, without distinct nodes | overground or emertent, much-branched, short branches, without distinct nodes | underground, much-branched, long branches, without distinct nodes |
Stem | simple or sparingly branched | simple or sparingly branched | much dichotomously branched | without branches or with a single branch above |
Basal leaves | 2–3-pinnate | 2–3-pinnatisect | simple-pinnate | pinnatisect |
Terminal leaf lobes | 0.5–2 mm, narrowly ovate to ovate | 0.7–5.7 mm, linear to narrowly long-ovate | 2–4 mm, linear | 0.5–2 mm, toothed |
Rays | 5–10, 1–2 cm | 4–12, 0.5–3.5 cm | 2–4, 1.5–2.5 cm | 2 – 5, 1.5–2 cm |
Bracts | minute, 0.4–1.5 mm oblong, apex obtuse-rounded or cuneate | 2–8 mm, linear to narrowly ovate, apex acute | 2–4 mm ovate-narrowly ovate, apex acute, margin white-scarious | 4–6 mm, linear-narrowly ovate, apex almost filiform, white-margined |
Commissural vittae | 1/4 length of mericarp | 1/4 length of mericarp to base | 3/4 length of mericarp | short, not reaching fruit base |
The matrix of combined
Phylogenetic tree inferred from tribe
Based on our reconstructed phylogeny, 5 major evolutionary clades (
In the concatenated data sets, pairwise sequence divergence estimates for the examined taxa of the
Geographically,
Taking the morphology, molecular and geographical distribution evidences into consideration, it is thus clear that
It is also similar to the closely related species
Illustrations of
Herbs perennial, polycarpic, grayish-green, 8–38 cm high, very dense ribbon shaped hairs throughout, with intensively branching long (up to 40 cm) underground caudex having distinct nodes (rooting at the nodes). Root long, cylindric, much-branched. Stems simple or sparingly branched, rigid, at the base covered with straw-yellow rigid imbricate perished leaf sheaths and petioles. Basal leaves rosulate, 5–21 cm long, numerous, very dense hairs on both sides; petioles (3–15 cm) longer than or nearly equal to blades; sheaths narrowly long-ovate, lavender; blades linear or narrowly-ovate in outline, 2–3-pinnate, primary pinnae 5–8 pairs; terminal leaf lobes (0.5–2 mm, narrowly ovate to ovate). Low cauline leaves similar to basal leaves but smaller, with narrowly long-ovate sheaths; middle-upper cauline leaves gradually reduced, sessile, with soft ovate sheaths. Compound umbels with 4–10 rays (1–2 cm, sub-equal length), slightly thickened in fruit. Central umbels broader than lateral umbels, up to 3.5 cm in diameter, compact. Bracts 2–5 (minute, 0.4–1.5 mm), oblong, apex obtuse-rounded or cuneate, caducous. Umbellets 0.8–1.8 cm in diameter in fruit, 6–15 flowered; bracteoles 4–6, purplish green, narrowly long-ovate, 2–4 mm; calyx teeth small, narrowly ovate. Petals broadly obovate or narrowly ovate, adaxially whitish-yellow, abaxially purplish-yellow, puberulent on both sides, outer flowers of the umbel radiant with outer petals enlarged, unequally emaginate at the tip, with narrow lobule bent inwards. Stylopods short-conic, wavy at the margin, yellow-green, 0.3–0.5 × 0.65–0.9 mm; styles reflexed, 2–3 mm long. Fruits with slender carpophore, bifurcate to the base; mericarps strongly dorsally compressed, elliptic or broadly elliptic in outline, 4–7 × 2–5 mm, on dorsal surface densely covered by thin hairs. Dorsal ribs filiform and marginal ribs narrowly-winged (0.2–0.5 mm broad). Vittae filiform, 4 on dorsal surface (1/2–3/4 length mericarp), 2 on commissure surface (short, about 1/4 as long as mericarp).
The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Gyirong County in Xizang, China.
We are grateful to the curators of C and K for providing and allowing reproduction of the images of herbarium specimens, and appreciate the curators of the herbaria CDBI, HNWP, KUN, PE, SZ and XJA for the permission to examine relevant specimens. We thank Dr. Min-Jie Li, Dr. Deng-Feng Xie and Mr. Xv Cui for their help in preparing this paper. Special thanks to MA. Arch. Li-Xin Ren (College of architecture and environment, Sichuan University) for line drawing and Ms. Hui Wang (Analysis and Test Center, Sichuan University) for
Supporting Information
species data
The following Supporting Information is available for this article: Figure S1–S3 and Tables S1–S2.