Maximum likelihood phylogeny based on the concatenated plastid DNA sequence dataset. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses recovered identical topologies with respect to the relationships among the main clades of the paleotropical Hymenasplenium. For each node, the following values are provided: maximum parsimony bootstrap (%) / maximum likelihood bootstrap (%) / and posterior confidence (p-value). Columns on the right refer to the subclades described in Xu et al. (2018a). Outgroup taxa are shown as a sister to the paleotropical Hymenasplenium.