Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction for Rumex species using three chloroplast sequences (rbcL, trnH-psbA and trnL-F). Thickened branch indicates simultaneous posterior probability above 90% and bootstrap support above 70%. Exact support values are indicated at important nodes (Bayesian Posterior Probability/Maximum Likelihood Bootstrap). Outgroup species (Rheum and Persicaria) are shown in blue. Rumex species, traditionally placed in subgenus Rumex, are shown in red. Species, traditionally placed in the sister genus Emex, are shown in black. Rumex species, traditionally placed in subgenus Acetosa, are shown in gold. Rumex species, traditionally placed in subgenus Platypodium, are shown in purple. Rumex species, traditionally placed in subgenus Acetosella, are shown in green. The asterisk denotes the transition to dioecy “Dioecious Clade” referenced in the text.