Typifications
In this paper we have arranged the South American taxa related to Woodsia in alphabetical order by the names under Woodsia, as all of them are current synonyms of Woodsia montevidensis (Spreng.) Hieron., following Brown (1964), de la Sota (1977), and Tryon and Stolze (1991).
1. Woodsia crenata (Kunze) Hieron. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34(4): 440. 1904. ≡ Cheilanthes crenata Kunze, Linnaea 9: 84. 1834. Type: Peru. “Peruv.(ia) Rupestribus ad Huanuco (6,200’) Martio 1830 lectae” E.F. Poeppig, s.n. (Lectotype, designated here: W [W-0061329!]).
Since Kunze’s own herbarium in Leipzig is destroyed, we looked for further original material of Cheilanthes crenata from Huanuco, Peru collected by Poeppig at B, BM, K, L, LE, MO, NY, OXF, P, PCR, US and W. We were able to find original material at W that agrees well with Kunze`s original description, which we here select as lectotype, in order to avoid the misapplication of the name.
2. Woodsia crenata var. pallidipes Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34(4): 440. 1904. Type: Colombia. “Ad muros et rupes prope Puracé”, 2680-2800 m, 1 Feb 1884, F.C. Lehmann 3478. Lectotype (designated here): B [B-200170834!]; isolectotypes: B [B-200170833!], K [K-000632733!], US [US-00066996!].
When Hieronymus (1904) described Woodsia crenata var. pallidipes, he cited four collections, three from Colombia and two from Bolivia. Bolivia: “sine loco, 1863”, Mandon 19 B [B-200171567!, on the right side of the sheet] and Mandon 35 B [B-200171567!, on the left side of the sheet]. Colombia: “ad muros urbis Pasto”, 2500 m, 11 Feb 1881, F.C. Lehmann 656 B [B-20170836!], “ad muros et rupes prope Purace”, 2680-2800 m., 1 Feb 1884, F.C. Lehmann 3478 B [B-20170834!, B-2017083!], K [K-000632733!], US [US-00066996!], “ad muros et rupes prope Yermal, in provincia Antioquia”, 1800-2400 m, Nov 1891, F.C. Lehmann 7411 B [B-20170835!], K [K-000632732!]. We selected a specimen from the F.C. Lehmann 3478 collection as lectotype because it corresponds with all characters used to describe the variety, furthermore the B specimen has a handwritten label by Hieronymus with the inscription “Woodsia crenata var. pallidipes Hieron.” and there are duplicates in three herbaria.
3. Woodsia incisa Gillies ex Hook. & Grev., Icon. Filic. 2. t. 191. 1831 ≡ Physematium incisum (Gillies ex Hook. & Grev.) C. Presl, Tent.: 66. 1836. Type: Argentina. Mendoza: near San Luis, J. Gillies s.n. Lectotype (designated here): BM [BM-000937851!]; isolectotypes BM [BM-000937850!]; K [K-000229420!].
The type material at BM consists of four fronds with two different barcodes on the same sheet: BM [BM-000937850 and BM-000937851], both with separate labels with the same information. We selected the material affiliated with BM [BM-000937851] as lectotype because it is more complete.
The specimen J. Gillies 8 housed at K [K-000229420!] is not part of the original material because it was collected at “Sierras de Tandil”, located in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, far away from the type locality.
The combination Physematium incisum (Gillies ex Hook. & Grev.) Kunze (Kunze 1837) is an illegitimate name, posterior to Presl’s combination.
4. Woodsia montevidensis (Spreng.) Hieron., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 363. 1896. ≡ Dicksonia montevidensis Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4(1): 122. 1827. Type: Uruguay. (“Brasilia”) [Montevideo], Pan d’Açucar, F. Sellow d 517. Lectotype (first step designated by Tryon & Stolze [1991: 94]), second step (designated here): B [B-200094654!]; isolectotype B [B-200120343!].
The protologue only expresses “Monte Video. Sello”. There are seven specimens of Sellow from Montevideo, five of them are kept in B, one in BM and another in K. Tryon and Stolze (1991: 94) typified Woodsia montevidensis with a specimen at B. From all specimens deposited in B, two of them are numbered Sellow d 517 B [B-200094654! and B-200120343!] from Montevideo, as well quoted by Hieronymus when he made the combination under Woodsia (Hieronymus 1896). The specimen B [B-200094654!] is selected here as lectotype because it corresponds with all characters used to describe the species, and probably it was the specimen seen by Sprengel because it bears the annotation of G. Hieronymus “Original von Sprengel”. Also it shows on a second label n. 118. “(Sprengel)” on a third: “Pan d’Açucar”, and on the fourth: “d.517”. The specimen B [B-200120343!] is considered isolectotype.
The remaining specimens: B [B-200170837a], Montevideo, ex reliquiis Sellowianis, s.n., ded. Humboldt 1836, ex herb. Kunth, [the two fronds on the left], B [B-200170837b], Montevideo, Pan d’ Açucar, ex reliquiis Sellowianis, s.n., ded. Humboldt 1836 [the two fronds on the right], B [B-200120342 and B-200120344] bear the only annotation “Brasilia” without specific locality (same label Herb. Reg. Berolinense, as K [K-000632729!], and BM [BM-000937849!], although probably being original material, are preferably excluded from lectotypification because the data of the label are not complete.
5. Woodsia montevidensis var. fuscipes Hieron., Hedwigia 46: 322. 1907. Type: Argentina. Salta. “Prov. de Salta, Los Potreros al pie del Nevado del Castillo, 24.03.1827”, P.G. Lorentz & G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 138. Lectotype (designated here): B [B-200171577!]; isolectotypes: B [B-200171580!, B-200171581!], CORD!.
When Hieronymus described the variety fuscipes, he mentioned five collections in the protologue. Two collections from Bolivia: Illimani between Pongo and Apachate. alt.: 4350 m, 24 March 1873, collected by A. Stübel 1239 (B [B-200171573!]) and La Paz, Murillo, Zongo (“prope Songo”), Nov 1890, collected by M. Bang 878 (B [B-200171572!], MO [MO-1919967 digital image!]; P [P-01400358!]; PH [PH-00029464 digital image!]; UC not seen; US [US-00067000!]). From Argentina, three additional collections were considered by Hieronymus as belonging to this variety: F. Schickendantz 68 (B [B-200171578!, B-200171579!]), F. Schickendantz 360 (B [B-200171576!]), and P.G. Lorentz & G.H.E.W. Hieronymus 138 (B [B-200171577!, B-200171580!, B-200171581!], CORD!). Specimens of all five collections are present at B. In order to avoid any ambiguity regarding the application of the name, the specimen Lorentz & Hieronymus 138 (B [B-200171577!]) is selected as lectotype, while the three duplicates are regarded as isolectotypes in accordance to Art. 9.12 of the Code (McNeill et al. 2012). Also, the lectotype chosen shows the characters used to delimitate the variety and bears an annotation by Hieronymus “n. var,” and handwritten locality data.
6. Woodsia peruviana Hook., Sp. Fil. 1: 61, pl. 21B. 1844. ≡ Diacalpe peruviana (Hook.) Trevis., Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.7: 160. 1875. Type: Peru. “Huamantanga, shady places”, 1834-1835, A. Mathews 602. Lectotype (first step designated by Tryon & Stolze (1991: 94), second step (designated here): K [K-000632731!]; isolectotypes B [B-20 0094655!, B-20 0171563!], BM [BM-000937848 digital image!], GH [GH-00022287 digital image!], and K [K-000632730 digital image!].
Tryon and Stolze (1991: 94) typified Woodsia peruviana with a specimen at K as holotype, but K holds two sheets of Mathews 602 [K-000632730 and K-000632731], the last one is here designated as lectotype because the material is more complete, has a handwritten annotation “Peru, Mathews” and “Woodsia peruviana Hook. Spec. Fil. Tab. XXI” on the sheet, and the label contains the locality data.
The specimen A. Mathews s.n. (US [US-00067001!]), according with Taylor’s annotation in the label of the specimen, could probably be part of the type collection, but we prefer to exclude it of lectotypification because the locality is not clear (only “Peru” is written in the label) and it is not originally numbered by Mathews.