A–E Entomoneis paludosa, girdle view, SEM A one whole frustule, note the worm-like hymen strip region and the junction line (indicated by the dotted line) B another frustule C–E details from Fig. B note the thickened mantle (Fig. C, arrow), worm-like hymen strip region (Fig. D, two arrows) and 4:2 configuration of the girdle bands (i.e. four girdle bands associated with epivalve (EV) and two associated with hypovalve (HV) (Fig. E). Scale bars: 10 μm (A, B); 2 μm (C–E).