Corresponding author: Dai-Ke Tian (
Academic editor: J. Wieringa
Tian D-K, Wang W-G, Dong L-N, Xiao Y, Zheng M-M, Ge B-J (2021) A new species (
Zangnan (southern Tibet) of China is located to the south of the Himalayas, including most parts of Cona, Lhünzê, Mêdog and Zayü counties, and some smaller parts of Nang and Mainling counties (
After a series of plant surveys recently, the authors have a better understanding of the diversity of
A checklist of
Species | Reference | County |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Bomê, Zayü, Lhünzê, Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Zayü | |
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Dinggyê | |
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Mêdog | |
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Gyirong, Nyalam | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
In this study | Mêdog | |
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Zayü | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog, Cona | |
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Mêdog, Zayü | |
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Cona, Dinggyê, Lhünzê, Mêdog, Yadong | |
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Mêdog | |
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Zayü | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Zayü | |
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Cona | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Gyirong, Mêdog, Nyalam | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Cona | |
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Mêdog | |
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Cona | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog | |
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Mêdog |
The field surveys were conducted on habitat, distribution, population size, morphology and specimen collection of the new species. Diagnosis of the morphological difference between the new species and its similar species was based on literature review, examination of herbarium specimens, and observation of both wild and cultivated plants.
The treatment on sections of
Sampled taxa and GenBank accession numbers of
Taxa | Collector, Voucher (Herbarium) | Origin | ITS |
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References |
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Wang, W.G., WWG004 ( |
Mengla, Yunnan, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., WWG005 ( |
Mengla, Yunnan, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., WWG0261 ( |
Ruili, Yunnan, China |
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— | In this study | |
Wang, W.G., WWG0262 ( |
Ruili, Yunnan, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., WWG0300 ( |
Ruili, Yunnan, China | — |
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In this study | |
— | — |
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— |
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Chiang (unpublised); |
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— | — |
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— | — |
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Yang et al. (unpublished); |
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— | — |
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— | — |
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Wang, W.G., Li, Y.Y., Ma, X.D. & Shen, J.Y., WWG2014–1 ( |
Mêdog, Tibet, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., Li, Y.Y., Ma, X.D. & Shen, J.Y., WWG2015–1 ( |
Mêdog, Tibet, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., Li, Y.Y., Ma, X.D. & Shen, J.Y., WWG2015–2 ( |
Mêdog, Tibet, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., Li, Y.Y., Ma, X.D. & Shen, J.Y., WWG2014–3 ( |
Mêdog, Tibet, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., Li, Y.Y., Ma, X.D. & Shen, J.Y., WWG2014–2 ( |
Mêdog, Tibet, China |
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In this study | |
— | — |
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Forrest and Hollingsworth (unpublished); |
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— | — |
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Forrest and Hollingsworth (unpublished); |
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Wang, W.G., WWG001 ( |
Mengla, Yunnan, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., WWG002 ( |
Mengla, Yunnan, China |
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In this study | |
Wang, W.G., WWG003 ( |
Mengla, Yunnan, China |
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In this study | |
— | — |
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— |
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— | — | — | — |
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— |
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Forrest and Hollingsworth (unpublished); |
Sequences of each DNA region were aligned by MUSCLE online (
The parsimony analysis was conducted using PAUP v.4.0 b10 (
Habitat and large-sized plant of
Morphology of
Flower and fruit morphology of
The new species is mostly similar to
Morphological comparison of
Character |
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sexuality | dioecious | monoecious | dioecious |
height (m) | up to 4 | less than 2 | less than 2 |
0.7–7 | 1–12 | 1–10 | |
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muriculate | glabrous to less muriculate | muriculate to hirsutulous |
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peduncle length (mm) | 7–15 | 4–10 | 2–10 |
flower number | 1–11 | 1–11(15) | 1–3(5) |
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6 | 6 | 4 |
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pinkish to white | white | pinkish to white |
|
3-loculed | 3-loculed | 4-loculed |
male flower | 10–20 | 5–12 | 8–12 |
female flower | 6–12 | 5–12 | 5–10 |
|
none to rarely short crest | none to short crest or horns | short to long horns or wings |
|
June-October | June-December | March-April |
Illustration of
Currently known from at least two localities in Mêdog, southern Xizang (Tibet), China (Fig.
Distribution of
The specific epithet refers to the huge (very tall and thick stem) plant size of the new species, which is the tallest begonia in Asia.
We obtained 12 nrITS, 13
Based on
Phylogenetic tree inferred by
The study was supported by the funds from National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570199, 31860048), the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) Program (2019QZKK0502), and Shanghai Administration Bureau of Landscape and City Appearance (F122416, G202401). The authors thank Dr. Qing-Gong Mao, Dr. Fang Wen, Mr. Li-Zhi Tian, Mr. Zhu Lu, Mr. Jian-Yong Shen, Mr. Xing-Da Ma and Mr. You-Yun Li, for supporting field survey, and Shi-Wei Guo for providing partial photos for use. The specimens from the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences were reviewed through Chinese Virtual Herbarium.