Two new species and a new combination from Zhejiang, East China

Abstract As the supplement of the flora of Zhejiang, East China, two new species were described with illustrations. Cerastiumhuadingense Y.F.Lu, W.Y.Xie & X.F.Jin (Caryophyllaceae) differs from C.qingliangfengicum in having sterile stems absent, leaves sessile, petals slightly longer than sepals, and stamens slightly shorter than sepals. Ixeridiumdimorphifolium Y.L.Xu, Y.F.Lu & X.Cai (Asteraceae) differs from I.beauverdianum in having plant stoloniferous, basal leaves dimorphic, involucre 8‒10 mm long, inner phyllaries 8, and florets 7‒10. Paraphlomissetulosa C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li (Lamiaceae) was reviewed and morphological characters of the corolla and stamens of its type and the specimens collected in the field survey were critically examined. With barbate anthers and strongly divergent anther cells, Paraphlomissetulosa was transferred to Sinopogonanthera, and S.setulosa (C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li) H.W.Zhang & X.F.Jin was consequently combined.


Introduction
Zhejiang Province, between the area of 27°06'-31°11'N, 118°01'-123°10'E, is located on the southeastern coast of China, with the whole land area taking up about 1.1% of the country. It is a territory of diverse terrain, including the most mountains in the southwestern area with the highest peak Huangmaojian (1929 m a.s.l.) in Longquan County, central hills, northern alluvial plains and numerous eastern coastal islands. It has a typical subtropical monsoon climate with marked seasonal changes and good climatic conditions. According to the latest report, there are over 4800 species of vascular plants belonging to 1587 genera in 262 families in total, showing the abundance of plant species (Jin et al. unpublished).

Cerastium huadingense
Distribution and habitat. This new species is known from Mount Huading of Tiantai County and Mount Siming of Yuyao County, eastern Zhejiang. It grows under forest, in wet places or roadside at forest margin at the elevation of 900-1000 m. Phenology. Flowering and fruiting from mid-April to mid-May. Etymology. The specific epithet 'huadingense' refers to the type locality of the new species.
Conservation status. Vulnerable, VU B2ab(iii)C1 (IUCN 2019). The new species is only known from two localities, Mount Huading in Tiantai and Mount Siming in Yuyao, and occupied less than 400 km 2 with about 5000 mature individuals. This species is considered as Vulnerable (VU) according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2019) based on the current data. Notes. The genus Cerastium contains ca. 100 species and is almost cosmopolitan, but is mainly distributed in north temperate regions. Twenty-five species were recorded in China (Lu and Morton 2001;Zhang et al. 2008;Yao et al. 2021). A recent study revealed that the monotypic genus Pseudocerastium was merged in Cerastium (Yao et al. 2021).

intermedia A-F Sinopogonanthera setulosa
setulosa had anther cells strongly divergent. The taxonomic treatment of the genus Paraphlomis in Flora of China was just the same as Wu & Li in Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Li & Hedge 1994). Guo (1993) established a new genus Pogonanthera close to Paraphlomis but mainly differs from barbate anthers and filament appendages at the apex. Unfortunately, Pogonanthera H.W.Li & X.H.Guo is a later homonym and Li (1993) proposed Sinopogonanthera H.W.Li as the replacement name, which were accepted and adopted (Guo 1995;Zheng 2005).

Key to the species of Sinopogonanthera
Distribution and habitat. Ixeridium dimorphifolium is currently known from only two localities in Suichang and Qingyuan counties, southwestern Zhejiang Province, East China. It grows in grassy roadside along stream or wetland at the elevation of 500-1450 m.
Phenology. Flowering and fruiting from mid-April to mid-July. Etymology. The specific epithet 'dimorphifolium' refers to two different shapes of basal leaves.
Conservation status. Endangered, EN B2ab(iii) (IUCN 2019). The new species is only known from two localities, and occupied less than 100 km 2 with about 1000 mature individuals. This species is considered as Endangered ( Notes. Ixeridium (A. Gray) Tzvel. is a moderatedly sized genus within the tribe Cichorieae. It contains 15 species and distributes in E and SE Asia, with eight species occurring to China (Shi & Kilian, 2011). The genus Ixeridium is most morphologically similar to Ixeris (Cass.) Cass., but is distinguished in having achenes with 9-12 prominent but not wing-like ribs (vs. 10 prominent and wing-like ribs) (Shih, 1997). Ixeridium dimorphifolium is similar to I. beauverdianum in having the cauline leaf blades linear to linear-elliptic, margin nearly entire, and pappi brown or pale brown, but differs from the latter in its dimorphic basal leaves, involucres longer, 8-10 mm long, inner phyllaries 8, florets 7-10, and plant with stolons.
Morphology of pollens and achenes of the species in Asteraceae has taxonomic significance and sometimes was used to identify similar species (Biyiklioğlu et al. 2018;Joujeh et al. 2020;Nurgül et al. 2021). The micromorphology of achenes and pollen grains of Ixeridium dimorphifolium and I. beauverdianum was shown in Figure 7 and Table 2. The new species, Ixeridium dimorphifolium, has the achenes narrowly fusiform or linear fusiform, with surfaces and ribs both finely similar spiculate, apex gradually narrow to a beak. While those of I. beauverdianum are fusiform, with spicules on surfaces shorter than those on ribs, apex abruptly narrow to a beak. The pollen grains of Ixeridium dimorphifolium and I. beauverdianum are similar to each other.