Vegetation and fire in lowland dry forest at Wa’ahila Ridge on O’ahu, Hawai’i

The frequency of lichens, woody plants, forb plants, grass on the unburned site and the burned site per 1 m2. Error bars are ± SD (n=50). Lichens: T-value = 27.71; P-value < 0.001. Woody plants: T-value = 18.96; P-value < 0.001. Forb plants: T-value = -7.90; P-value < 0.001. Grass: T-value = -3.72; P-value =0.001.