Corresponding authors: Tao Deng (
Academic editor: Alexander Sennikov
Liu Q, Huang G-Y, Zhang D-G, Zhang J-W, Deng T, Li Z-M (2021)
A lack of conspicuous distinguishing morphological features makes the
Due to the many floristic surveys dedicated to the flora of Hubei, a centre of Metasequoia Flora (
We compared the shape, lobes and size of the leaves, leaf surface, phyllaries, number of florets, achenes and pappus of the new collections with
For molecular analysis, we sampled a sample from one population of the unknown species and obtained 38 samples from 26 related species from GenBank (Appendix
Phylogenetic trees were constructed using Bayesian Inference (
China. Hubei: Wufeng County, Renheping,
Herbs, perennial, 20–35 cm tall. Taproot straight or slightly oblique, fleshy, with lateral roots (Fig.
Bayesian consensus tree of
Flowering and fruiting April to October.
五峰黄鹌菜, wǔ fēng huánɡ ān cài in Chinese Pinyin.
The species epithet honours Prof. Hang Sun (b. 1963), a Chinese botanist who has conducted research on plant taxonomy, floristics, biogeography and evolutionary biology and inspired many people through his work. He has also given a lot of support to the plant research work in Hubei.
Morphological characteristics suggest that
Comparison of morphological characteristics between
Character |
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Basal leaf | shape | oblanceolate, bipinnately partite | oblanceolate, pinnately deeply or completely partite | elliptic or oblong lanceolate, pinnately deeply or completely partite | long elliptic, bipinnately deeply partite with a large apical part | ||
lobes | shape | apical lobes halberd-shaped, apex acute, with a tapered tip, margin middle to deep lobed; lowest lobes narrowly triangular | apical lobes triangle, apex acute, with a tapered tip, margin serrate; lowest lobes serrate | apical lobes elliptic, irregularly elliptic, ovate or lanceolate, apex acute, with a tapered tip, margin entire, almost entire or serrate; lowest lobes narrowly halberd | apical lobes triangular, apex acute, with a tapered tip, margin entire, almost entire or serrate; lowest lobes narrowly triangular | ||
number of lateral lobes | 5–10 pairs | 2–3 pairs | 1–8 pairs | 5–7 pairs | |||
size | 6–18 × 2–4 cm | 3–7 × 1.5–3 cm | 13–23 × 6–7 cm | 20 × 8 cm | |||
surface | with white pubescent hairs on both surfaces, especially dense on veins | glabrous on both surfaces | sparsely pubescent on both surfaces | glabrous on both surfaces | |||
Phyllaries | 4 rows | 4 rows | 4 rows | 4 rows | |||
Number of florets | 8–10 | 13–15 | 11–25 | 20 | |||
Achenes | colour | black | red | brown-purple | brown-purple | ||
shape | fusiform, attenuated into a narrow neck, with a conical beak | fusiform, attenuated into a narrow neck, with a conical beak | fusiform, attenuated into a narrow neck, without a beak | fusiform, attenuated into a narrow neck, without a beak | |||
length | 2 mm | 2.8 mm | 3 mm | 3.5 mm | |||
ribs | 12–14 ribs with small bristles | 12 ribs with small bristles | 14–15 ribs with small bristles | 14–15 ribs with small bristles | |||
Pappus | white, rough, 3 mm | white, rough, 3.5 mm | white, rough, 3–4 mm | white, rough, 3.5 mm |
The Bayesian tree showing
Distribution of
Owning only 8–10 florets supports a placement of
Based on the combined datasets of the
We are grateful to Dr. David E. Boufford for revising this manuscript. This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960046 and 31670206), the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Yunnan joint fund to support key projects (U1802232), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050203), National Key R & D Program of China (2017YFC0505200), Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31590820), Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2019382), Yunnan Ten-thousand Talents Plan Young & Elite Talent Project (YNWR-QNBJ–2019–154), Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province (2019HB039) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences “Light of West China” Program.
Voucher information and GenBank accessions of species used in our study.
Species | Herbarium vouchers | GenBank accessions | |
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