Nomenclatural notes and typification of nine names related to Jasminum (Oleaceae)

Abstract Lectotypes are designated here for the following nine validly published names: Jasminumalongense, J.anodontum, J.eberhardtii, J.harmandianum, J.lang, J.laxiflorum, J.pierreanum, J.rufohirtum, and J.sinense. Jasminumlang is reinstated as a distinct species.


Typification of the names
Gagnepain in Flore Générale de L'Indochine. (Vol. 3), which was published in March 1933, documented 31 Jasminum species from the Indochina region and described 11 of them as new to science (1933a). In the same year, he described 13 new Jasminum species in Bulletin de la Societe Botanique de France [Vol. 80 (1)] including those 11 species which were already described by him (Gagnepain 1933a;Gagnepain 1933b). To confirm the publication date of the later publication, we contacted Dr. K.N. Gandhi, Sr. Nomenclature Registrar, Harvard University (Pers. comm.), who further communicated with the Harvard Botany librarian Ms. Gretchen Wade. The title page of Bulletin Soc. Bot. France vol. 80(1) was found, revealing "The proof for this issue was made May 23, 1933" (English translation). Therefore, we believe the priority of publication goes with Fl. Indo-Chine (Gagnepain 1933a), published in March 1933, and the Jasminum names are treated here accordingly. Nomenclatural notes. While describing Jasminum alongense, Gagnepain (1933a) referred to the specimens collected by H. Lecomte and A. Finet from Tonkin (presently in North Vietnam) Hongay (Hon Gai/ present-day Ha Long Bay). Several duplicates of the same were submitted at P. However, some of them were sent to K, evident from the label on these collections. We could locate two specimens at P (P00087775 and P00087776), and four at K. All K specimens are originally from P, pasted on new sheets and without any K barcode. Two of them, however, possess the preexisting P barcodes P00087775 and P00087776 but the remaining two do not have any). Specimens P00087775 and P00087776 at P are annotated as holotype and isotype respectively, however, they were never published effectively. A thorough survey of literature and virtual herbaria revealed that earlier workers (Ho 2000;Tran 2003) did not designate a lectotype for the name J. alongense. Therefore, following Art. 9.6 of the Shenzhen Code (Turland et al. 2018), P00087775 at P is being designated here as the lectotype of J. alongense. This specimen not only best matches with the original description but also possesses the reproductive parts and original drawing of the dissected floral parts.
Ecology and phenology. Nomenclatural notes. In the protologue of Jasminum anodontum, Gagnepain (1933a) referred to two gatherings without citing any field number. The first referred to the collections made by E. Poilane from Ca-na, Phanrang (presently Ninh Thuận) in Annam (present-day Vietnam). Whereas the second referred to the collections made by C. Thorel at Bien-hoa, (Dong Nai Province) from Cochinchine (presently in South Vietnam). However, Gagnepain (1933b), in his other publication, only cited the specimens collected by Thorel viz. C. Thorel 943 as the original material. We could find this specimen in duplicate at A (A00105304, A00105305), indicated as isosyntypes by P.S. Green. We found some other of Thorel's specimens P00644260, P00644261, P00644262 (all bearing the same number -C. Thorel 949) at P. One of them (P00644260) has the original drawings of the dissected floral parts by Gagnepain. A critical survey of literature and herbarium specimens revealed that earlier workers (Green 2000(Green , 2003Ho 2000;Tran 2003) did not designate lectotype for J. anodontum. Among all of them, we found P00644260 to represent the species best as per the protologue and, therefore, we designate this specimen here as the lectotype of J. anodontum following Arts. 9.3 and 9.11 of the Shenzhen Code (Turland et al. 2018). Thorel's specimens at A are either incomplete or in fruiting, not representing all characters as per the protologue. Therefore, they are designated here as syntypes.
Ecology and phenology. Forest along the roadside, often near the water source. Flowering in January-February, fruiting in March -April.

Jasminum eberhardtii
Ecology and phenology. Grows in the forest between 300-1200 m.a.s.l. Flowering in April -May, fruiting in June -July.
Distribution. Vietnam. Endemic to Hoa Binh (Mai Chau, Mai Ha), and Lao Cai Provinces. Nomenclatural notes. Jasminum harmandianum was described (Gagnepain 1933a,b) on the basis of three gatherings collected (Massie s.n., C. Thorel s.n., F.J. Harmand 633) from Laos, Cambodia (Expédition du Mékong, Bassac) and Vietnam. We found all these elements deposited in P and A, some of them with two duplicates. A survey of literature and virtual herbaria revealed that earlier workers (Green 2000;Ho 2000;Tran 2003) had not designated a lectotype for this species. The specimen P00644289 at P collected by Massie represents species best and has a complete original label. Therefore, it was selected as a lectotype for J. harmandianum following Art. 7.11 of ICN (Turland et al. 2018). However, we found a duplicate of the same at A having barcode A00063064 which was distributed from P, as evident from its label. It is designated here as an isolectotype.

Jasminum harmandianum
Ecology and phenology. Grows in the forest at 100-1000 m.a.s.l. Flowering in June -July, fruiting in August -September.
Distribution Nomenclatural notes. Jasminum lang was described (Gagnepain 1933a,b) based on three gatherings (H.F. Bon 2604, 2869 and Poilane 6867) collected from north, and south Vietnam. We found two duplicates matching the detailed description and specimen label information. A survey of literature and multiple herbaria revealed that a lectotype for J. lang had not been designated in earlier studies (Ho 2000;Tran 2003). We, therefore, selected the P specimen (P0040614) as a lectotype for Jasmnium lang following Arts. 9.3 and 9.11 of ICN (Turland et al. 2018) as it represents the species best. The other specimen at K (K000901460) is designated here as isolectotype.
Taxonomic notes. Jasminum lang is known from China and Vietnam (Gagnepain 1933a,b;Chia 1952;Miao 1984;Chang et al. 1996;Ho 2000). During the course of our revisionary work, we critically compared the morphological characters of Jasminum lang with Jasminum coffeinum Hand.-Mazz. because of their morphological differences and their treatment as synonyms (Chang et al. 1996;Green 2006). Our field observation and study of the multiple specimens housed in various national and international herbaria made us realize that the species are morphologically different. Indeed, the characters used for their delimitation (Handel and Heinrich 1925;Gagnepain 1933a,b;Chia 1952;Miao 1984;Chang et al. 1996;Ho 2000), as indicated in Table 1, clearly indicate that they are different entities. Therefore, we reinstate J. lang Gagnep., as a distinct species.
Ecology and phenology. Grows in the forest at altitude 100-800 m.a.s.l. Flowering in February -April, fruiting May -June. Nomenclatural notes. Jasminum laxiflorum was described (Gagnepain 1933a,b) based on seven gatherings (E. Poilane 19787, F. Evrard 2618, coll. Khai 161, C. Thorel 862, L. Pierre 327, A. Chevalier 29979, and Godefroy s.n) collected from South Vietnam. None of them was designated as a holotype. We found nine specimens matching the original description and information given on the labels which are included in the protologue, and several duplicates. A survey of the literature (Ho 2000;Tran 2003) and multiple herbaria revealed that a lectotype for J. laxiflorum has not yet been designated. Therefore, L. Pierre 327, the specimen P03868745 at P, which best represents the species, is designated here as a lectotype following Arts. 9.3 and 9.11 of ICN (Turland et  Nomenclatural notes. Jasminum pierreanum was described (Gagnepain 1933a,b) based on two gatherings (L. Pierre 2828 and L. Pierre s.n) collected from Cambodia and Vietnam. We found three duplicates matching the detailed description and specimen label information included in the protologue. A survey of literature and virtual herbaria revealed that a lectotype for J. laxiflorum has not been designated in earlier studies (Green 2000(Green , 2003Ho 2000;Tran 2003). We, therefore, selected the P specimen (P00640601) as a lectotype which best matched the description, following Arts. 9.3 and 9.11 of ICN (Turland et al. 2018). Other specimens at P and VNM (P00640600 and VNM00021049) are designated as isolectotypes.
Ecology and phenology. Grows in the forest at high altitude 300-1000 m.a.s.l. Flowering in August -September, fruiting in January -February. Nomenclatural notes. Jasminum rufohirtum was described (Gagnepain (1933a,b) based on two gatherings (Pételot 5032 and H. d' Orléans s.n) collected by Pételot and H. d' Orléans from north Vietnam and Laos respectively. While tracing the holotype, we found two duplicates matching the detailed description and specimen label information which are included in the protologue. A survey of literature and virtual herbaria revealed that a lectotype for J. rufohirtum has not been designated by the earlier workers (Miao 1992;Chang et al. 1996;Ho 2000;Tran 2003;Prachaya et al. 2004). We selected the P specimen P00644294 as a lectotype following Arts. 9.3 and 9.11 of ICN (Turland et al. 2018) as it represents the species best. The other specimens at P, and NY, are designated here as isolectotypes.
Ecology . We also thank Dr K.N. Gandhi, Sr. Nomenclature Registrar, Harvard University, for his help related to the nomenclature. Insightful comments received from the reviewers aided our work and the subject editor Dr Alan Paton is gratefully acknowledged for substantially improving the quality of this manuscript.