Academic editor: Alan Paton
Cheng Z, Fang Q, Wang F, Long C-L (2021)
In his monograph,
Currently, 25 species of
In August 2019, the authors visited Dulongjiang in Northwest Yunnan, an isolated area of the Eastern Himalayas, to conduct a survey on traditionally used plants and biodiversity associated traditional knowledge (Figure
Distribution of
This study was based on field observations and detailed examinations of herbarium specimens. Herbarium specimens collected from northwest Yunnan were deposited at the
China, Yunnan Province, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County, Dulongjiang Township, 2844 m a.s.l.,
Morphological comparison among
Character |
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Inflorescence | erect, 2–4 cm long | erect, mostly 10–20 cm long | erect or twining, mostly 15–35 cm long |
Peduncle | peduncle erect | peduncle usually erect | peduncle usually twining |
Calyx upper lobe | apex acuminate | apex obtuse | apex acuminate |
Calyx lower lobe | apex acuminate | apex rounded or very shortly bifid | apex shortly and acutely bifid |
Calyx upper lobe and upper corolla lip | upper calyx lobe shorter than upper | upper calyx lobe shorter than upper | upper calyx lobe longer than upper |
corolla lip | corolla lip | corolla lip | |
Upper corolla lip | 3–5 dark purple stripes | stripes absent, upper lip slightly constricted below the middle | stripes absent, upper lip constricted below the middle |
Lower corolla lip | 3 dark purple stripes | stripes absent, the base with a prominent rounded swelling | stripes absent, the base distinctly swollen, with 2 or 4 rounded, longitudinal ridges, the apex rounded or obscurely 2–3 crenate |
Small annual herbs. Rhizoids few, capillary, 0.5 cm to 2 cm long, 0.15–0.3 mm thick, with numerous short papillose branches. Stolons few, capillary, branched, up to 4 cm long, ca. 0.2 mm thick, the internodes mostly 2–4 mm long. Leaves few, from the stolon nodes, petiolate, the lamina narrowly linear, with apex rounded or subacute, 1–nerved, 0.5–1 mm wide, total length up to 1.5 cm. Traps rather few on the stolon internodes and leaves, globose, shortly stalked, 0.5–1 mm long, the mouth basal with 2 simple, subulate, reflexed, dorsal appendages and with a ± distinct rounded swelling on the ventral side of the mouth or on the adjacent distal part of the stalk. Inflorescence erect, solitary, simple or rarely sparsely branched, 2–4 cm long; peduncle terete, glabrous, 0.2–0.4 mm thick. Scales few, similar to the bracts. Bracts basifixed, ovate, with apex obtuse to acute, 1–2 mm long, 1–5 nerved. Bracteoles subulate, with apex acute, much shorter than the bract. Flowers 1–2, the raceme axis elongate; pedicels spreading at anthesis, decurved in fruit, capillary, broadly winged, 2–6 mm long. Calyx lobes slightly unequal, broadly ovate, 1–3 mm long, the upper lobe with apex obtuse to acute, the lower lobe slightly smaller with apex obtuse to acute. Corolla yellow, 3–7 mm long; upper lip slightly constricted below the middle, the superior part oblong or oblong–obovate, with apex rounded, bearing 3–5 dark purple stripes on the upper corolla lip, radial, the inferior part broadly ovate–deltoid; lower lip limb galeate, approximately circular, the base with a prominent rounded swelling, the apical margin rounded; palate margin ciliate; 3 dark purple stripes on the lower corolla lip, parallel; spur subulate, with apex acute, curved, about as long as and widely diverging from the lower lip. Filaments straight, 1 mm long, the anther thecae distinct. Ovary ovoid, dorsiventrally compressed; style distinct; stigma lower lip semicircular, the upper lip very short or ± obsolete. Capsule broadly ellipsoid, dorsiventrally compressed, 2.5–3 mm long, the wall uniformly membranous, dehiscing by dorsal and ventral longitudinal slits. Seeds obliquely obovoid, the major end with apex subtruncate, 0.4–0.5 mm long, the testa cells elongate with anticlinal boundaries much raised and longitudinally striate, somewhat sinuate, the periclinal walls tabular, conspicuously longitudinally striate.
The only known locality of this taxon is in Dulongjiang Township, Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County, Northwest Yunnan, China. The site is located in an open area in a primeval forest dominated by
Flowering and fruiting occurs from August to November.
Named in honor of Prof. Li Heng, a Chinese botanist who has made significant contributions to the knowledge of the flora of Dulongjiang region.
This species has not been recorded or described so far, and there is only one known site in Dulongjiang region, which is relatively unknown to botanists. In addition,
The new species belongs to
China, Yunnan Province, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous County, Dulongjiang Township, 2844 m a.s.l.,
CHINA. Guangdong: Renhua County, 16 November 1973,
1 | Corolla yellow |
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– | Corolla violet, mauve, lilac, or white |
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2 | Peduncle erect; pedicel strongly recurved in fruit; upper calyx lobe shorter than upper corolla lip, apex obtuse |
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– | Peduncle twining to erect; pedicel erect in fruit; upper calyx lobe longer than upper corolla lip, apex shortly acuminate |
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3 | Dark purple stripes in upper corolla lip and lower corolla lip |
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– | Stripes absent in upper corolla lip and lower corolla lip |
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4 | Peduncle twining; pedicel strongly deflexed in fruit |
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– | Peduncle erect; pedicel erect to spreading in fruit |
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5 | Fruiting pedicel as long as or shorter than fruiting calyx; calyx lobes suborbicular in fruit; seeds globose, with isodiametric reticulations; leaf blade 2.5–4.5 cm × 1.5–6 mm |
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– | Fruiting pedicel much longer than fruiting calyx; calyx lobes ovate in fruit; seeds ovoid to ellipsoid, with elongate reticulations; leaf blade 0.4–2 cm × 0.8–3 mm |
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We are very grateful to the Dulong (Drung) people of Dulongjiang Township, Yunnan, who guided us to the habitats of