Corresponding author: Fabrizio Bartolucci (
Academic editor: P. Herendeen
A new species of
Conti F, Bartolucci F (2021)
The genus
This study is based mainly on field surveys, on an extensive analysis of relevant literature and on examination of herbarium specimens (including nomenclatural types) preserved at APP, B, BM, GAP, P, PAD, TO (codes following
Distribution map of
Morphological characters employed in the morphometric analyses.
Abbreviations | Characters | |
---|---|---|
1 | HB | Habit (erect=1; straggling=2) |
2 | SH | Stem height (mm) |
3 | SHAB | Stem hairness below (appressed=1; patent=2) |
4 | SHAA | Stem hairness above (appressed=1; patent=2) |
5 | SLL | Shape of lower leaves (equal leaflets=1; subequal=2; unequal =3) |
6 | LAFS | Leaves arrangement along the flowering stem (equal=1; mainly at base=2) |
7 | NSL | N. of stem leaves |
8 | HALB | Hairness of the upper leaf blade (glabrous=1; hairy=2) |
9 | HAP | Hairness of petiole (appressed=1; patent=2) |
10 | BLL | Basal leaf length (mm) |
11 | NBLL | N. leaflets in basal leaf |
12 | TBLLL | Terminal leaflet length in basal leaf (mm) |
13 | TBLLW | Terminal leaflet width in basal leaf (mm) |
14 | LBLLL | Lateral leaflet length in basal leaf (mm) |
15 | LBLLW | Lateral leaflet width in basal leaf (mm) |
16 | LCLL | Lower cauline leaf length (mm) |
17 | NLCLL | N. of leaflets in lower cauline leaves |
18 | TLCLL | Terminal leaflet length in lower cauline leaf (mm) |
19 | TLCLW | Terminal leaflet width in lower cauline leaf (mm) |
20 | LLCLL | Lateral leaflet length in lower cauline leaf (mm) |
21 | LLCLW | Lateral leaflet width in lower cauline leaf (mm) |
22 | UCLL | Upper cauline leaf length (mm) |
23 | NUCLL | N. of leaflets in upper cauline leaf |
24 | TUCLLL | Terminal leaflet length in upper cauline leaf (mm) |
25 | TUCLLW | Terminal leaflet width in upper cauline leaf (mm) |
26 | LUCLLL | Lateral leaflet length in upper cauline leaf (mm) |
27 | LUCLLW | Lateral leaflet width in upper cauline leaf (mm) |
28 | NINFL | N. of inflorescences for each stem |
29 | BL | Bract length (mm) |
30 | BLL | Bract lobe length (mm) |
31 | NB | N. of bract lobes |
32 | BA | Bract apex (acute-apiculate=1; obtuse=2) |
33 | CI | Calyx indumentum (appressed=1; semipatent-patent=2) |
34 | CC | Calyx colour (apex concolour=1; pink-purple=2; purple=3) |
35 | CL | Calix length (hairs included) (mm) |
36 | CW | Calyx width (mm) |
37 | BL/CL | Ratio bract/calyx length |
38 | UCTL | Upper calyx teeth length (mm) |
39 | UCTW | Upper calyx teeth width (mm) |
40 | LCTL | Lateral calyx teeth length (mm) |
41 | LCTW | Lateral calyx teeth width (mm) |
42 | LOCTL | Lower calyx teeth length (mm) |
43 | LOCTW | Lower calyx teeth width (mm) |
44 | UCTHAL | Hairs length on upper calyx teeth (mm) |
45 | LCTHAL | Hairs length on lower calyx teeth (mm) |
46 | MCHAL | Hairs length in the middle of calyx (mm) |
47 | SL | Standard length (mm) |
48 | SW | Standard width (mm) |
49 | SCL | Standard claw length (mm) |
50 | BL/SL | Ratio bract/standard length |
51 | WL | Wing length (mm) |
52 | WW | Wing width (mm) |
53 | WCL | Wing claw length (mm) |
54 | KL | Keel length (mm) |
55 | KW | Keel width (mm) |
56 | KCL | Keel claw length (mm) |
57 | STL | Staminal tube length (without free filaments and anthers) (mm) |
58 | SPL | Stipe of pod length (mm) |
For each quantitative character, Shapiro-Wilks normality test was first used to determine their distribution, then an independent sample T-test, after logarithmic transformation, was carried out with SPSS version 25 (
For the lectotype selection of the name
The conservation assessment according to the IUCN Criteria is proposed and briefly discussed (
Italy. Abruzzo, M. Tricella (Ortona dei Marsi), pascoli aridi, 1300 m a.s.l., 29/05/2017,
Holotype of
Annual, erect branched to straggling. Stem height (110–)160–330(–450) mm. Stem appressed sericeous over its whole length. Leaves alternate, pinnate, densely appressed hairy on the lower side, glabrous on the upper side (basal and lower cauline leaves) or sparsely hairy with long hairs (middle and upper cauline leaves), the basal ones usually withered at anthesis, (16–)17.6–35(–55) mm, reduced to a terminal leaflet or imparipennate with 2–5 leaflets with a much larger terminal leaflet elliptic, ovate or obovate, obtuse, (7–)8,9–19.1(–24) × (4–)5–13.1(14) mm, lateral leaflets 0–5.7(–9) × 0–2.9(–4.9) mm. Stem with 3–4(–6) leaves at subequal distances along the flowering stem. Lower cauline leaf (32–)42.8–69.4(–74) mm, imparipennate with 3–7 leaflets with a much larger terminal leaflet ovate or obovate, obtuse to acute, (15–)19.6–33.8(–40) × (8–)9.6–17.4(–22) mm, lateral leaflets (4–)4.6–15.6(–21) × (1.2–)2.1–5.4(–6) mm. Upper cauline leaves (24–)26–40(–44) mm, imparipennate with 7–13 leaflets subequal (equifoliolate), terminal leaflet narrowly elliptic to narrowly obovate, acute to apiculate, (13–)15–27(–29) × (2.5–)2.8–6(–8) mm, lateral leaflets (12.5–)14–25(–27) × (2–)2.2–4(–7) mm. Every stem with 2–5(–10) heads, many flowered subtended by 2 palmatisect bracts borne close beneath the flowers. Flowers light yellow or flushed with pink. Bracts (12–)14–23(–26) mm, lobes of bracts 3–7, (10–)11–21.5(24) mm, narrowly triangular, tapering, appressed hairy, acute to apiculate. Calyx (8.3–)8.5–10.4(–10.9) × (5.9–)6.2–7.8(–8.3) mm, whitish to yellowish, pink to pink-purple at apex, in dry specimens weakly pink, hairy subpatent, upper teeth triangular (0.3–)0.4–0.6(–0.9) mm at base, large (0.3–)0.4–0.9(–1) mm. Lateral teeth triangular (0.3–)0.4–0.7 mm, at base large (0.3–)0.4–0.7 mm. Lower tooth narrowly triangular to linear (0.5–)0.6–0.9(–1) × 0.3–0.6 mm. Standard (7.9–)8.5–9.9(–10.3) × (2.3–)2.6–3.3(–3.8) mm, standard claw (4.6–)5.4–6.1(–6.4) mm. Wing (8.1–)8.8–10.1(–10.5) × (1–)1.2–1.6(–1.7) mm, wing claw (5.3–)5.8–6.8(–7) mm long. Keel (8–)9–10.5(–10.8) × 1.1–1.4(–1.6) mm, keel claw 5.6–6.1(–7.4) mm long. Ratio bract length/standard length (1.5–)1.6–2.3(–2.5) and ratio bract length/calyx length (1.4–)1.6–2.3(–3.0). Staminal tube length (without free filaments and anthers) (6.6–)7.3–8.7(–8.8) mm. Stylus (3.8–)3.9–4.3(–4.4) mm. Stigma 1.9–2(-2.1) mm. Stipe of pod (0.9–)1–1.5(–1.8) mm. Legume 1-seeded 3.5–4 × 2.8–3 mm, seeds ca. 2 mm.
Pastures in montane belt from 1200 to 1800 m a.s.l.
Flowering from the second half of April to the end of July, fruiting in June-July.
Central Apennine in Lazio and Abruzzo (Fig.
Some of the populations of
The principal coordinate analysis (
Scatter plot of first two principal coordinate axes based on 31 morphological characters and 37 specimens.
Boxplots expressing morphological variation between
T score and P value of quantitative characters evaluated (significant P values at P < 0.05 in boldface).
Characters | T score | P value | Characters | T score | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SH | 7.176 |
|
CW | 1.271 | 0.216 |
BLL | 3.554 |
|
UCTL | 0.476 | 0.638 |
TBLLL | 3.118 |
|
UCTW | -2.007 | 0.054 |
TBLLW | 3.815 |
|
LCTL | -2.563 |
|
LBLLL | 0.979 | 0.343 | LCTW | 0.132 | 0.896 |
LBLLW | 0.526 | 0.609 | LOCTL | -5.208 |
|
LCLL | 7.431 |
|
LOCTW | -1.011 | 0.323 |
TLCLL | 8.724 |
|
UCTHAL | 0.839 | 0.411 |
TLCLW | 6.716 |
|
LCTHAL | 1.03 | 0.314 |
LLCLL | 2.999 |
|
MCHAL | -1.802 | 0.085 |
LLCLW | 1.747 | 0.091 | SL | -8.533 |
|
UCLL | 9.658 |
|
SW | -5.469 |
|
TUCLLL | 11.663 |
|
SCL | -5.273 |
|
TUCLLW | 3.721 |
|
WL | -6.15 |
|
LUCLLL | 9.418 |
|
WW | -6.268 |
|
LUCLLW | 5.909 |
|
WCL | -4.335 |
|
BL/CL | 15.452 |
|
KL | -5.96 |
|
BL/SL | 17.547 |
|
KW | -3.732 |
|
BL | 10.573 |
|
KCL | -3.79 |
|
BLL | 11.618 |
|
STL | -5.516 |
|
CL | -4.774 |
|
SPL | -2.447 |
|
Other names, some of which having priority at species rank, as
Type (second-step lectotype, here designated; first-step designated by
Main diacritic features of
Character |
|
|
---|---|---|
Stem height | (110–)160–330(–450) | (45–)60–160(–200) |
237.4±88.2 | 95.6±44.6 | |
Leaves arrangement along the flowering stem | evenly distributed | concentrated in lower half |
Lower cauline leaf length | 53.2±10.8 | 28.5±7.8 |
(32–)42.8–69.4(–74) | (17–)18–39(–45) | |
Terminal leaflet length in lower cauline leaf | 26.3±6.2 | 10.4±2.9 |
(15–)19.6–33.8(–40) | (3–)8–13.5(–15) | |
Terminal leaflet width in lower cauline leaf | 13.4±3.6 | 5.5±1.8 |
(8–)9.7–17.4(–22) | (1–)3.7–7.2(–8) | |
Upper cauline leaf length | 33.6±5.6 | 17.3±3.8 |
(24–)26–40(–44) | (11–)12–22.2(–23) | |
Terminal leaflet length in upper cauline leaf | 21.1±4.5 | 9.6±1.6 |
(13–)15–27(–29) | (6.1–)8–11(–13) | |
Lateral leaflet length in upper cauline leaf | 18.6±4.1 | 7.1±2.3 |
(12.5–)14–25(–27) | (2.5–)5–10.2(–11) | |
Lateral leaflet width in upper cauline leaf | 3.2±1.1 | 1.7±0.6 |
(2–)2.2–4(–7) | (0.9–)1.1–2.5(–2.8) | |
Number of inflorescences for each stem | 2–5(–10) | 1–2 |
Bract shape and apex | narrowly triangular and acute to apiculate | more or less parallel-sided and obtuse |
Bract length | 18.4±3.9 | 8.8±1.8 |
(12–)14–23(–26) | (5.8–)6.5–11(–12) | |
Bract lobe length | 15.4±4.4 | 5.3±1.6 |
(10–)11–21.5(–24) | (3.2–)3.9–7.5(–9) | |
Flower colour | light yellow or flushed with pink | purplish-pink or cream flushed with pink |
Standard length | 9.1±0.7 | 11.8±1.2 |
(7.9–)8.5–9.9(–10.3) | (10–)10.4–13.6(–13.8) | |
Standard width | 2.9±0.3 | 3.8±0.7 |
(2.3–)2.6–3.3(–3.8) | (2.9–)3.2–5.1(–5.4) | |
Wing length | 9.3±0.6 | 11.5±1.3 |
(8.1–)8.8–10.1(–10.5) | (9.2–)10.1–13.1(–13.8) | |
Wing width | 1.3±0.2 | 2.0±0.5 |
(1–)1.2–1.6(–1.7) | (1.4–)1.5–2.6(–3.2) | |
Wing claw | 6.3±0.4 | 7.3±0.8 |
(5.3–)5.8–6.8(–7) | (6–)6.3–8.2(–9) | |
Keel length | 9.6±0.7 | 11.5±1.2 |
(8–)9–10.5(–10.8) | (9.7–)10.2–12.9(–13.7) | |
Staminal tube length (without free filaments and anthers) | 8.0±0.5 | 9.5±1.0 |
(6.6–)7.3–8.7(–8.8) | (8.2–)8.3–10.8(–11) | |
Ratio bract length/standard length | 2.0±0.4 | 0.7±0.1 |
(1.5–)1.6–2.3(–2.5) | 0.6–0.8(–0.9) | |
Ratio bract length/calyx length | 2.0±0.4 | 0.8±0.1 |
(1.4–)1.6–2.3(–3.0) | (0.6–)0.7–1.0(1.1) |
Many thanks are due to the Directors and Curators of the consulted Herbaria. We wish to thank our friends Luciano Di Martino, Iris Eckersley, Valeria Giacanelli, Christoph Oberprieler, Riccardo Pennesi, Bruno Petriccione, Elisa Proietti, Giuseppe Serafini and Robert Vogt for accompanying us on field activities, Laura Guglielmone, Daniela Bouvet and Sylvain Abdulhak for sending us digital images or herbarium specimens, and G. Pache for providing us with the photo of