Corresponding author: Alfred Houngnon (
Academic editor: T.L.P. Couvreur
Covering 560.14 hectares in the south-east of Benin, the Ewe-Adakplame Relic Forest (
Houngnon A, Adomou AC, Gosling WD, Adeonipekun PA (2021) A checklist of vascular plants of Ewe-Adakplame Relic Forest in Benin, West Africa. PhytoKeys 175: 151–174.
At the continental level, African rain forests, primarily those of the Guineo-Congolean block, are the main centres of species diversity (
However in Benin, most of these remaining forest patches, although playing the role of a high conservation priority area for heritage plants, are still experiencing severe threats due to the lack of adequate conservation strategies (
In this context, floristic details on
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive checklist of vascular plants occurring in
The
The mean annual rainfall in the
Ecological characteristics of the study region.
Location | 6°25–7°30N |
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Annual rainfall | 900–1100 mm | |
Rainfall trend | Bimodal |
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Rainy season(s) | March–July & September–October |
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Dry season | August and November–February |
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Temperature | 24–37 °C | |
Insolation | 2135 h | |
Relative humidity | 78–95% | |
Climate type | Sub-equatorial |
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Length of plant growing season | 240 days | |
Vegetation | Mosaic of Savanna |
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Soil types | Ferralitic soils without concretion | |
Altitude | 200–286 m above sea level |
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The inventory of
Location of the Ewe-Adakplame Relict Forest in Benin and positions of the sampling stands.
The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (
Life forms assessment followed
The Chorology types were established after
The data underpinning the analysis reported in this paper are deposited in the Dryad Data Repository at
Fig.
Vascular plants of Ewe-Adapklame relict forest in Benin with their binomial, family life-forms and Chorotypes [Life-forms are
Scientific name | Life forms | Chorology types | Voucher specimens |
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Houngnon 3860 |
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Houngnon 3383 | |
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Houngnon 6724 |
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De Souza 1971 a |
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Maesen 7705 | |
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Lnph |
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Houngnon 97e | |
Lnph |
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Maesen 6612 | |
Lnph |
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Houngnon s.n. | |
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Éq. Bot. 105d | |
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Houngnon 5571 | |
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Akoègninou 2201 | |
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Houngnon 4524 | |
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Lmph |
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Chevalier 22841 | |
Lmph |
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Chevalier 23456 | |
Lmph |
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Houngnon 118c | |
Lmph |
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Le Testu 297 | |
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Houngnon 6574 | |
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Aké Assi 20284 | |
Lmes |
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Chevalier 23922 | |
Lmph |
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Akoègninou 5438 | |
Lmph |
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Adjakidjè 3007 | |
Lmph |
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Adjanohoun 102 | |
Lmes |
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Chevalier 22967 | |
Lmph |
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Essou 3208 | |
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Essou 1554 | |
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Akoègninou 3299. | |
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LGr |
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Houngnon 4605 | |
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Maesen 6340 | |
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Sokpon B14 | |
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SZ | Ayichédéhou 395 | |
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Maesen 6746 | |
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Houngnon 3087 | |
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Houngnon 5081 | |
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Essou 1648 | |
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Houngnon 2783 | |
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Sokpon 852 | |
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Houngnon 1714d | |
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Lnph |
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Maesen 6701 | |
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Esson 1087 |
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Houngnon 229a | |
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Lnph |
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Houngnon 4200 |
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Aké Assi 20288 | |
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Lmph |
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Houngnon 6573 | |
Lnph |
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Akoègninou 4026 | |
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Akoègninou 3291 | |
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Sokpon 2221 | |
Lmph |
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Essou 1467 | |
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Lmph |
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Le Testu 191 | |
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Morton A4570 | |
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Houngnon 3051 | |
Lmph |
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Chevalier 22828 | |
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Chevalier 22798b | |
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Lnph |
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Adjakidjè 4111 | |
Lmph |
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Oumorou 740 | |
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Lnph |
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De Souza & Paradis 444a | |
Lmes |
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Houngnon 443a, 1518a | |
Lnph |
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Houngnon 453a | |
Lnph |
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Houngnon 1676 | |
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Lmph |
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Adomou 95 | |
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Houngnon 1878a | |
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Essoun 3316 | |
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SZ | Pauwels 8139 | |
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Chevalier 24154 | |
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SZ | Sokpon 2329 | |
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SZ | Paradis et Houngnon: 619d | |
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Houngnon 627b | |
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Houngnon 629c | |
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Houngnon 2824 | |
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Houngnon 3345 | |
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Adjakidjè & Akoègninou 590c |
Lnph |
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Adjakidjè 2803 | |
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Lmph |
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Essou 1672 | |
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SZ | Maesen 6703 | |
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Adjakidjè 4163 |
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Houngnon 6532 | |
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Paradis & Houngnon 933a | |
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Houngnon 936d | |
Lmph |
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Paradis & Houngnon 277c | |
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Houngnon 268e | |
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Spire 118 | |
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Lnph |
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Houngnon 1423g | |
Lmph |
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De Souza & Paradis 1239e | |
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Adomou 167 | |
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Frahm-Leliveld 57139 |
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Lnph | SZ | Adomou 80 |
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Essou 1164 | |
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Lnph |
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Essou 1102 | |
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Lmph |
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Lisowski 0-929 | |
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Pauwels 8286 | |
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Sokpon 1068 | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Lmph |
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Paradis & Houngnon 831a | |
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Lmes |
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Paradis & Houngnon 838a | |
Lmes |
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Maesen 6821 | |
Lmes |
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Akoègninou 3289 | |
Lmes |
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Houngnon 835b | |
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De Souza & Paradis 851a | |
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Houngnon 188a | |
Lmph |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Paradis et Houngnon 856a | |
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Houngnon 4399 | |
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Houngnon 2036e | |
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Houngnon 1446f | |
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Houngnon 1309a ; 4322 | |
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Houngnon 13l0a | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Houngnon 4321 | |
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De Souza & Houngnon 188d | |
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Chevalier 22819 | |
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Lnph |
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Houngnon 897c | |
Lmph |
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De Souza & Paradis 900a | |
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Adomou 90 |
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Lnph |
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Houngnon 919a | |
Lnph |
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Maesen 6820 | |
Lmph |
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De Souza 92li | |
Lnph |
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Sokpon 31 | |
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Essou 1547 | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Chevalier 23169 | |
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Houngnon 7652 |
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Akoègninou 2187 | |
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Lmph | SZ | Adjakidjè 1477 | |
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Pauwels 8298 | |
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Lmph |
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Adomou s.n. | |
Lmph |
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Essou 1637 | |
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Adomou 129 | |
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Mission |
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Houngnon 720c | |
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De Souza & Paradis 722a |
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Houngnon 765b | |
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Maesen 6617 | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Houngnon 177 la | |
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Houngnon 4266 | |
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Akoègninou 2196 | |
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Houngnon 1771b | |
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Houngnon 1329b | |
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Maesen 6611 | |
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Maesen 6358 | |
Lnph |
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Lejoly&Ganglo 2 | |
Lmph |
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Maesen 6284 | |
Lnph |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Adomou 73 | |
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Sinsin 2863 | |
Lmph |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Maesen 6651 | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Essou 2496 |
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Sokpon 1884 | |
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Houngnon 6659 | |
Lmph |
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Maesen 6710 | |
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Maesen 6287 | |
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Le Teslu 101 | |
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Dansi TW 50799 | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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SZ | Maesen 6315 | |
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SZ | Adomou 32 | |
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Houngnon 535a | |
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Essou 2396 | |
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Houngnon 1364a | |
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Houngnon 6606 | |
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Houngnon 4037 | |
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Houngnon 4037 | |
mPh |
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Houngnon 5472 | |
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Paradis & Houngnon 1693d | |
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Maesen 6397 | |
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Maesen 6310 | |
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Houngnon 1254a | |
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Houngnon 4978 | |
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Lnph |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Maesen 6154 | |
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Sokpon 1915 | |
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LGr |
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Chevalier 24225 | |
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Lmph |
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Yédomonhan 173 | |
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Houngnon 1784c | |
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Adomou 83 | |
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Adomou s.n. | |
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Houngnon | |
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Adomou 109 | |
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Paradis & Houngnon 1347a | |
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Lnph |
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Adomou s.n. | |
Lnph |
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Adjakidjè 2976 | |
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LHc | SZ | Houngnon 68d |
Lmph | SZ | Houngnon 5105 |
*: Plant species restricted to Ewe Adakplame Relict Forest (+): Non recorded
Panoramic view of Ewe-Adakplame Relict Forest
Common species of Ewe-Adakplame Relict Forest
The most common life forms were phanerophytes (88%), containing, 3% of mega phanerophytes (
Life form spectrum of the Ewe-Adakplame relict forest. Erects are represented by Ph: Phanerophytes including megaphanerophytes (
The most representative chorotypes (Fig.
Chorological spectrum of the Ewe-Adakplame Relict Forest.
The counted number of plant species for the
Species richness and richness estimations (Chao, first order jackknife, second order jackknife and bootstrap) (y-axis) in relation to sample size (x-axis) at the Ewe-Adakplame relict forest.
The Ewe-Adakplame Relict Forest corresponds to the semi-deciduous forest type, which was described in Benin as the only
Unlike
The connection of
In contrast, the surrounding vegetation at the immediate edge of
Species collected in the surrounding zone of Ewe-Adakplame Relict Forest
In total, we counted thirteen species restricted to one site in
Ewe Adakplame Relict Forest in a matrix of savanna and agriculture landscape
Some of these species found in the single location of
The importance of the flora of
We are grateful to the Rufford Foundation for financial field assistance and the University of Amsterdam for the publication fees. We thank especially François Romazzotti and Professeur Angel Argiles for their assistance and the local communities of Ewe and Adakplame villages for their collaboration. The authors thank David Goyder, Kolawolé V. Salako and Thomas Couvreur for their contribution and their constructive comments that improved substantially the quality of this paper.