Xylopia mildbraedii A flowering branch B flower C outer petal, inner view D inner petal, inner view E detail of carpels, petals and stamens removed F stamen, front view G staminode, inner and outer whorl H carpel, side view and detail of ovules. Xylopia phloiodora I flowering branch J outer petal, inner view K inner petal, inner view L detail of carpels, petals and stamens removed M stamen, front view N staminode, inner and outer whorl O carpel, side view and detail of ovules P fruit A from Mildbread 6055 B–H from Le Testu 8742 I–P from Letouzey 5027. Drawings by Hélène Lamourdedieu, Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; modified from Le Thomas (1969b; pl. 32, p. 173).