Corresponding author: Bine Xue (
Academic editor: T.L.P. Couvreur
Wang Q-L, Zhang H, Shao Y-Y, Wang Z-N, Xue B (2021) A second species of
The genus
For the past few years, we have carried out several field explorations in Hainan to search for this species. The explorations finally resulted in new collections of
With the available flowering materials and silica-gel samples for DNA extraction, we clarify the generic placement of
The morphological characters were examined based on the living plants and specimens kept in the HITBC, IBSC, IBK, and KUN herbaria. Comparisons were also made against published
Total DNA of the silica-gel dried material of
Detailed information about the samples, localities and GenBank accession numbers are all listed in the Appendix
Phylogenetic analyses were done using Bayesian Inference (
The morphological observation is illustrated in Figs
The concatenated alignment of the 70-taxon dataset consisted of 4,261 aligned positions (
The backbone of the tribe Miliuseae is not well resolved as in previous studies. The sampled
Morphology of
Specimen morphology of
Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree under partitioned models (cpDNA data:
With the new collections of the flowering specimens of
The molecular phylogeny further supported the placement of
Morphological comparison between
Characters |
|
|
---|---|---|
Length of the outer petals | ca. 7 mm long | 7.5–11 mm long |
Length of the inner petals | ca. 8 mm long | 9–18.5 mm long |
Shape of inner petal glands | kidney-shaped to ellipsoid | square |
Number of stamens | 20–30 | 110–115 |
Number of carpels | 3 | ca. 11 |
Shape of the apex of the monocarps | apiculate | do not have apicule |
Number of seeds per monocarp | 5–10 | ca. 17 |
In China, only one
Morphology of
hai nan jin gou hua (海南金钩花)
China. Hainan: Bao-ting Hisen, Xing-long, 25 Jul. 1935,
Known from several localities in Hainan province: Bai-cha Mountain in San-ya and Xing-long in Bao-ting, growing in rain forests, open woodland in valleys, at low elevations (ca. 600 m a.s.l).
Flowering from March to June; fruiting from June to August.
China. Hainan: San-ya, Bai-cha Mountain, 13 Aug. 1933,
CR D (
1 | Shrub to 4 m tall, d.b.h. ca. 5 cm. Leaf laminas membranous, secondary veins ca. 10 pairs. Inflorescences axillary, with up to 2–3 flowers; flowers cream-colored or purple, glands paired on adaxial surface of inner petal; carpels 3 per flower, stamens 20–30 per flower. Fruits with 1–3 monocarps. |
|
– | Trees to ca. 20 m tall, d.b.h. ca. 42 cm. Leaf laminas subcoiaceous, secondary veins 14–18 pairs. Inflorescences clustered (3–6) on young branches, each with 1–2 flowers; flowers yellow or light green; inner petals lack gland; carpels 7–14 per flower, stamens 45–56 per flower. Fruits with 7–8 monocarps. |
|
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31872646) awarded to Bine Xue, Forestry Scientific Technology Innovation Project of Guangdong Province (No. 2020KJCX010), the Agricultural Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources Protection Project (Grant No. 151721301354052012), and the species conservation (agricultural wild plant conservation) project: identification and evaluation of wild orchid in tropical areas (Grant No. 1251416305010). We are grateful to the curators of IBSC, IBK, PE, SN for permission to access their collections. We are grateful to Yvonne Su, Piya Chalermglin, Richard Saunders and Yanwen Chen for sharing references, photos or useful discussion; Langxing Yuan for field assistance; and Daniel Thomas for permission to use his photographs.
Voucher information and GenBank accession numbers for samples used in this study (—, missing data; *, newly generated sequences). Voucher data are given for accessions for which DNA sequences were newly obtained, using the following format: species, origin, voucher and Genbank accession numbers for