Corresponding author: Özlem Çetin (
Academic editor: Peter de Lange
A new subspecies
Çetin Ö, Şeker MÖ, Duran A (2015) A new subspecies of
The
In 2008, during a field trip in the Black Sea region of Turkey, an unusual specimen of
Replaced synonym:
Basionym:
TURKEY. A4 Kastamonu: Ilgaz Mountain Natural Park, Kastamonu road, from Çatören village to Büyük Hacet Hill, 6 km, in open
Plants monocarpic, 15–30 cm tall; rootstock thickened, cylindrical, oblong, ± vertical, 8–15 mm diameter; stems 3 to 5, terete, finely ridged, mostly glabrous, sparsely puberulent above, with a developed fibrous collar 2.5–7 cm; stems mostly branching from the base, below and rarely at the middle part, green to purplish green. Basal leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, 2-pinnate, 6–20 × 3–10 cm, glabrous; ultimate segments lanceolate, linear-oblong, 5–15 × 0.5–1.5 mm, acute to acuminate; sheaths developed, distinctly widened at base, upper sheath surface sulcate, margin membranous; cauline leaves similar to basal leaves, partly reduced, amplexicaule, middle and upper portions of the stem leafless. Flowers hermaphroditic; the central umbel stout, 7–11 cm diam., equal to or longer than lateral umbels, rarely shorter, with 13 to 21 rays, 1.8–5.5 cm long, puberulent above, unequal, each central umbel with by 2 to 7 bracts; bracts lanceolate, rarely widened at base, 10–17 mm long, margin ± membranous, sometimes bifid to trifid, glabrous or puberulent; umbellules 9–15 mm diam, each comprising 55 to 70 flowers; bracteoles 15–20, connate at base, 5–8 mm long, linear- lanceolate, acuminate, entire or bifid to trifid, green to partly purple, margin distinctly membranous, especially ciliate at apex, out side glabrous to puberulent; lateral umbels 3.5–6 cm diam. with 7 to 13 rays, 1–3.5 cm long, with bracts or without. Flowers subsesile, glabrous, sepals ±purplish, broadly lanceolate, glabrous, persistent, ca. 1 mm; petals white, glabrous with deflexed apex; filament white, anther clearly purple; ovary glabrous. Fruit oblong-elliptic, 3.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm, glabrous, with 5 ribs prominent, obtuse; stylopodium short-conical; styles deflexed in fruit, distinctly purple.
Cross section of fruit: = embriyo = dorsal vascular bundle = exocarp = central dorsal vittae = endosperm = lateral vascular bundle = lateral dorsal vittae = aerenchyma = commissural vittae = carpophore vascular bundle = commissural vascular bundle
Comparison of
Distribution of
The neighbour joining tree generated using nrITS DNA sequences of some
The new subspecies is known only from the type locality, with specimens collected only from Ilgaz Mountain National Park (Kastamonu province) in Turkey, where the species seems to be very rare. This area is ca. 1.5 km2, and mature individuals of the type population number approximately 125. The location is very close to the road side and near forest management. The population is going to be negatively affected from cars, trucks and people in the future. The habitat of this subspecies is clearly under threat of destruction, and therefore, the taxon should be considered Critically Endangered
This new subspecies grows at 1450–1470 m with
Turkey is the most complex country in the Middle East with regard to geographic structure and landforms. It’s comprised of comparatively narrow and long, variously oriented mountain chains, separated by deep valleys and also high- and medium-elevational plateaus. The geological composition and physical direction, exposure and altitude of these mountains are here largely influential not only upon the diversity of vegetation, but also on the richness of the flora (
1 | Fruit glabrous; the central umbel 13 to 21 rays; lateral umbels with 7 to 13 rays |
|
– | Fruit with hairs; the central umbel 22 to 70 rays; lateral umbels with 13 to 47 rays | |
2 | Basal leaves glabrous |
|
– | Basal leaves puberulent or finely pubescent |
|
Since
Diagnostic characters of
Diagnostic characters of
Characters |
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|
|
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Stems per plant | 3 to 5 | 1 to 4 | solitary | solitary |
Stem branching | mostly below, rarely in middle portion | below the middle | above the middle | above the middle |
Central umbel rays | 13 to 21 | 25 to 30 | 22 to 45 | 30 to 70 |
Lateral umbel rays | 7 to 13 | 15 to 20 | 17 to 35 | 13 to 47 |
Bracts | 2 to 7 | mostly 8 to 15 | mostly absent, rarely up to 2 | 0 to 1 |
Bracteoles | 15 to 20 | 11 to 16 | 19 to 26 | 19 to 23 |
Petals | glabrous | glabrous | pubescent | pubescent |
Ovary | glabrous | pubescent | puberulent | pubescent |
Fruit | glabrous | pubescent | pubescent | pubescent |
Five Neighbour-Joining
The authors express their thanks to the Scientific Investigation Projects Coordination Office of the Selçuk University (project no: 08201037) for financial support.