Corresponding author: Herison Medeiros (
Academic editor: Marc Appelhans
Medeiros H, de Carvalho Lopes J, Acevedo-Rodríguez P, Forzza RC (2020) A new species of
Molecular phylogenetic studies show that
During a taxonomic revision of the genus and fieldwork in south-western Amazonia, we found a new species of
We collected the new species in Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema in Sena Madureira, Acre, Brazil. The collection was pressed and dried for vouchers, leaves were collected in silica gel for DNA extraction and reproductive structures were fixed in 70% alcohol for morphological analyses, which were performed using a stereomicroscope. The morphological structures were described using the terminology in
The phylogenetic analysis included the same taxa and molecular markers of
The alignments were performed using MAFFT (
Phylogenetic trees were plotted and built inside the R environment (
The
Supertribe Paulliniodae is strongly supported as monophyletic (Fig.
The new species differs from
Brazil. Acre. Sena Madureira. Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema, Núcleo Cazumbá, castanhal coletivo, floresta ombrófila aberta com bambu,
Tendrilled liana 6–8 m long; stem puberulent, with yellowish to whitish indumentum, lenticellate; cross section simple, cylindrical. Leaves trifoliolate; stipules ca. 2 mm long, hirsute-tomentose, linear triangular to lanceolate; petiole 2–8.5 cm long, canaliculate; petiolules of lateral leaflets 0.2–0.8 cm long; leaflets 7–14 × 3–9 cm, oblong to ovate- rhomboidal, apex acute, mucronate, margins entire to dentate-serrate, with 2–4 teeth reduced to inconspicuous glands, ciliate, base truncate, rounded to obtuse, sometimes cuneate on the distal leaflet, glabrous on both surfaces, domatia sometimes in the axils of abaxial secondary veins. Thyrses axillary, racemiform, ca. 8.5–16 cm long, peduncle 1.1–2.8 cm long, rachis of 7.5–16 cm long; numerous cincinnus, sessile. Flowers ca. 2 mm long, pedicel ca. 0.5 mm long; sepals 5, ca. 1 mm long, fused at the base, lobes ovate, acute, glabrous and with prominent veins on the internal surface, external surface villous; petals 5, ca. 1.5 mm long, obovate, obtuse, clawed, villous on the central part and margins, the rest glabrous; petal appendages rudimentary, bifid, smaller than the petals, basally adnate, villous; nectary disc glabrous, 5-lobed, lobes ca. 1 mm long; staminate flower: stamens 8, 1.5 mm long, filaments villous for more than half of their length, anthers glabrous, pistillode ca. 1.5 mm long; pistillate flower: staminodes ca. 1 mm long, pistil ca. 1.5 mm long, style 0.5 mm long, with 3 stigmas, ovary ca. 1 mm long. Fruits ovate, chartaceous, 5–5.5 × 2–2.3 cm; cocci slightly inflated, 1.2–1.4 × 1.1–1.4 cm, including the ca. 2–3 mm long stipe constricted at junction with wing; epicarp densely strigose (simple trichomes of same length) on cocci, strigose on wings; endocarp glabrous. Seeds trigonous ovoid, ca. 6 × 4 mm, basally attached, glabrous, mature embryo not observed.
Geographic distribution of
Collected in flower and fruit during July.
The epithet
The species is only known from one locality in Acre and is categorised as Data Deficient (
The broader relationships that we recovered within supertribe Paulliniodae largely agree with those in
This paper was possible through the financial support from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) to HM, by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de São Paulo (FAPESP; 2018/11272-5) to JCL and by research grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; 303420/2016-2) and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ; E-26/202.778/2018) to RCF. The authors thank Jéssica Francisco and Ricardo Perdiz for assistance with the preparation of the phylogeny and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript, Genise Somner, Maria S. Ferruci, Marc Appelhans and the anonymous reviewer for their numerous suggestions that greatly improved this manuscript and Mark T. Strong (US) for proofreading the manuscript. We also thank ICMBio in Sena Madureira for support during field work.
Voucher and GenBank information for the taxa included in the phylogenetic analyses. Listed as: taxon, collection, herbarium, place of origin and GenBank accession numbers (
Rodríguez 12014 (US), Jamaica,