Corresponding author: Yu Song Huang (
Academic editor: Elton John de Lirio
Luo YJ, Ni SD, Jiang Q, Huang BG, Liu Y, Huang YS (2020)
The genus
Currently, there are more than 70 species of
During a fieldwork in Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve of north-western Guangxi, China in April 2019, we discovered a special flowering plant of
Field observations have been conducted in flowering and fruiting
Morphological comparisons of key characters amongst
Characters |
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Young stem | irregularly striate, sparsely yellowish-brown pubescent or glabrous | obscurely striate, brown villous | striate, densely spreading yellowish-brown villous | striate, densely yellowish-brown villous |
Leaf blade | lanceolate to elliptic–lanceolateor linear–lanceolate, 5–15 × 1.5–3 cm, base rounded or widely cuneate, lateral veins 5–8 pairs | oblong to ovate–oblong, rarely ovate–lanceolate, 6–15 × 3–5.5 cm, base rounded or cordate, lateral veins 4–6 pairs | narrowly ovate, ovate–oblong or lanceolate–ovate, 14–22.5 × 7–13 cm, base shallowly cordate, lateral veins 4–6 pairs | lanceolate to elliptic–lanceolate or linear–lanceolate, 15–30 × 2–5 cm, base rounded or shallowly cordate, lateral veins 6–15 pairs |
Pedicel | 1–2 cm long, densely yellowish-brown pubescent | 5–7 cm long, densely brown villous | 4–4.5 cm long, densely brown villous | 3–4 cm long, densely brown villous |
Perianth tube | basal portion of tube 2–2.5 × 0.6–1 cm, shorter than the upper part, outside of tube mauve, densely yellowish-brown pubescent | basal portion of tube 4–5 × 1–1.5 cm, longer than the upper, outside of tube purple, with white blotches or not, densely villous | basal portion of tube 5–6.5 × 1–2 cm, longer than the upper, outside of tube pale-yellow or mauve, densely villous | basal portion of tube 5–7 × ca. 1.5 cm, longer than the upper, outside of tube mauve, densely villous |
Limb | yellow, with dark purple mural–like stripes | dark purple, with white blotches | dark-purple, with white stripes | dark purple |
Throat | yellow | white | milk-white mixed with black | yellow, with dark purple pots |
Capsule | ellipsoid, 6–10 × 2.5–3.5 cm, glabrous | cylindrical, 5–10 × 3–5 cm, villous | narrowly ellipsoid, 10–15 × 5–8 cm, yellowish-brown villous | ellipsoid, 6–8 × ca. 3 cm, villous |
China. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: Baise City, Leye County, Huaping Town, Zhongjing (Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve),
Shrubs climbing. Stems terete, irregularly striate, sparsely yellowish-brown pubescent or glabrous. Branchlets densely yellowish-brown pubescent. Leaf blade leathery, lanceolate to elliptic–lanceolate or linear–lanceolate, 5–15 × 1.5–3 cm, apex narrowly acuminate, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin entire, adaxially glabrous except the pubescent midnerve and lateral veins, abaxially shallowly yellowish-brown pubescent, basal veins 3, lateral veins 5–8 pairs, conspicuous on both surfaces; petiole 1–1.5 cm long, slightly distorted, densely yellowish-brown pubescent. Cymes on old woody stems, 1–5–flowered; pedicel 1–2 cm long, pendulous, densely yellowish-brown pubescent; bracteole ovate–lanceolate, ca. 4 × 2 mm, densely yellowish-brown pubescent; perianth tube horseshoe–shaped; basal portion of tube 2–2.5 × 0.6–1 cm, shorter than the upper part, near the base of inner dark purple, densely villous, outside of tube mauve, densely yellowish-brown pubescent; upper portion of tube 2.5–3 × 0.5–0.8 cm, inner yellow, with dark purple stripes; limb subrotund–peltate, 4–6 cm in diam., yellow, with dark purple mural–like stripes, abaxially densely brown pubescent, margin shallowly 3–lobed, lobes apex mucronate; throat suborbicular, 0.5–1 cm in diam., yellow; anthers oblong, 2–4 × 1 mm, adnate to the gynostemium base, opposite to the lobes; ovary terete, ca. 1.5 × 0.3–0.5 cm, 6–angled, densely brown pubescent; gynostemium 3–lobed, margin glabrous and papillary. Capsule ellipsoid, 6–10 × 2.5–3.5 cm, 6–angled, glabrous.
Holotype of
The new species was observed flowering from March to May and fruiting from June to August.
The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve, Guangxi, China. The Chinese name is given as “雅长马兜铃”.
At present,
Thus far,
China. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region: Baise City, Leye County, Huaping Town, Zhongjing (Yachang Orchid National Nature Reserve),
1 | Limb adaxially papillate or upper papillate, lower smooth |
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– | Limb adaxially smooth |
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2 | Basal portion of tube shorter than the upper; limb adaxially yellow, with dark purple stripes |
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– | Basal portion of tube longer than the upper; limb adaxially dark purple |
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3 | Limb adaxially yellow |
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– | Limb adaxially dark purple or reddish-purple, sometimes with yellow or white blotches |
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4 | Leaf blade narrowly ovate to ovate–oblong, base cordate; petiole 4–5 cm long; limb 3–4 cm in diam |
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– | Leaf blade lanceolate to elliptic–lanceolate or linear–lanceolate, base rounded or broadly cuneate; petiole 1–1.5 cm long; limb 4–6 cm in diam |
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5 | Leaf blade ovate to narrowly ovate; limb ca. 2.5 cm in diam.; lobes of gynostemium pubescent |
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– | Leaf blade oblanceolate to lanceolate–elliptic; limb 4–6 cm in diam.; lobes of gynostemium glabrous |
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6 | Limb small, ca. 3 cm × 1.5–2 cm, adaxially without blotches |
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– | Limb large, 4–13 cm in diam |
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7 | Leaf blade lanceolate–oblong or narrowly oblong, base narrowly auriculate, lateral veins 8–12; limb 8–13 cm in diam |
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– | Leaf blade ovate, oblong or ovate-oblong, rarely ovate-lanceolate, base cordate or rounded; limb no more than 8 cm in diam |
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8 | Leaf blade base rounded, rarely cordate; limb dark purple, with pale yellowish blotches |
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– | Leaf blade base cordate; limb dark purple or reddish-purple, with white blotches or pale yellowish, without blotches |
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The authors are very grateful to Mr. Wen-Hong Lin for preparing the illustration. We are also grateful to Mr. Shu-Wan Li, Mr. Ying Qin, Miss Hai-Ling Chen and Miss Zhao-Cen Lu for their assistance in fieldwork. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41661012), Special Funds for Local Science and Technology Development Guided by the Central Committee (grant no. ZY1949013), the Science & Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China (Grant No. 2017FY100100) and the Traditional Chinese medicine public health special project-The project of investigating and monitoring on the Chinese materia medica raw materials resources for national essential drugs ([2011]76) and Traditional Chinese Medicine industry research special project-Characteristic Chinese materia medica resources protection and utilization in representative regions of China (201207002).