Corresponding author: Jin-Shuang Ma (
Academic editor: Wen-Bin Yu
Zhu X, Li X, Liao S, Li G, Ma J (2019) The taxonomic revision of Asian
During five field expeditions to Hundred Flowers Ridge in Longyang District, Baoshan, western Yunnan, two unknown species of
CHINA. Yunnan: Baoshan, Longyang District, Hundred Flowers Ridge,
Similar to
Morphological comparisons amongst
|
|
|
|
Lamina | ovate to narrowly ovate | ovate-lanceolate | ovate to narrowly ovate |
10–22 × 7–13 cm | 10–17 × 3–4 cm | 7–21 × 3–10.5 cm | |
Calyx | light yellow | light yellow | light brown or purple |
Limb | cylinder, slightly asymmetric, 2–3 cm long, forming obtuse angle with upper tuber, inside dark red, dense processes, 3-lobed, lobes triangle or wide triangle | ovoid, slightly asymmetric, 1–2 cm long, straight extended from upper tube, inside black purple, sparse processes, 3-lobed, lobes ovate-deltate | cylinder, asymmetric, 6–8 cm long, forming right angle with upper tuber, inside black purple, dense processes, 3-lobed, lobes lanceolate |
Throat | ca. 6 mm in diam. | ca. 1 mm in diam. | ca. 3 mm in diam. |
Semi-deciduous climbing shrubs. Stems terete. Petioles 2–5 cm long, densely pubescence; laminas ovate to narrowly ovate, 10–22 × 7–13 cm, adaxially sparsely pubescence, abaxially densely pubescence, base cordate, margin entire, apex acute; veins palmate, 2–3 pairs from base, lateral veins 3–5-paired. Flowers axillary, sometimes on stems, solitary or paired; pedicels 1.8–5 cm, densely brown villous; bractlets 1 or 2, ovate, 3–5 mm long, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely villous. Calyx tube geniculately curved, light yellow, abaxially sparsely villous; basal tube 1.8–2.5 cm long, inside black purple at base, dark red above base, upper tube 1.2–1.8 cm long, inside dark red; limb saccate, cylinder, slightly asymmetric, 2–3 × 1–1.7 cm, forming obtuse angle with upper tuber, inside dark red, densely processes, 3-lobed, lobes triangle or wide triangle; throat ca. 6 mm in diam.. Anthers 6, oblong, ca. 1.5 mm long, adnate in 3 pairs to base of gynostemium, opposite to lobes. Gynostemium ca. 3 mm long, 3-lobed. Ovary terete, ca. 12 mm long, densely brown villous. Fruit stem ca. 4.5 cm long, sparsely puberulous. Capsule obovate-elliptic, distinctly 6-angled, sparsely puberulous on angles, ca. 6 × 2.5 cm (ca. 5 × 2.5 cm in dry specimens). Seeds ellipse, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, not winged, the adaxial surface deeply concave and the abaxial surface convex, wrinkled, both surfaces glabrous.
Holotype of
Flowering from March to May and fruiting from July to August.
The specific epithet refers to the similarity between the new species and
The new species is currently known to Longyang District, Baoshan, Yunnan, China. It grows in forests at an elevation of between 1890 m and 2260 m, together with
CHINA. Yunnan: Baoshan, Longyang District, Hundred Flowers Ridge,
Similar to
Semi-deciduous climbing shrubs. Stems terete. Petioles 1–4 cm long, densely pubescence; laminas lanceolate to hastate, 8–24.5 × 1.2–5.5 cm, adaxially glabrous or sparsely pubescence along medial vein, abaxially densely pubescence, base auriculate to cordate, margin entire, apex acute; veins palmate, 2–3 pairs from base, lateral veins 6–15-paired. Cymes on old woody stems or axillary, 1–2-flowered, in clusters of 1 to numerous; pedicels 5–7 cm long, sparsely pubescence; bractlets 1 or 2, ovate-lanceolate, 3–5 mm long, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely brown villous. Calyx tube geniculately curved, yellowish-white with distinct purple stripe, abaxially subglabrous or sparsely villous; basal tuber 2.5–3.5 cm long, inside black purple at base, white mix with more or less reddish-violet above base, upper tube 2.5–3.5 cm long, inside white mix with reddish-violet, limb cylindric, symmetric, 3.3–4.7 cm long, straight extended from upper tube and parallel to it, inside pinkish or ochre, deeply 3-lobed, lobes ovate-deltoid, 1.6–2.4 cm long; throat ca. 7 mm in diam. Anthers 6, oblong, ca. 2 mm long, adnate in 3 pairs to base of gynostemium, opposite to lobes. Gynostemium ca. 3.5 mm long, 3-lobed. Ovary terete, 15–25 mm long, densely brown villous. Fruit stem purple red, ca. 6.5 cm long, sparsely puberulous. Capsule narrowly obovate-elliptic, distinctly 6-angled, nearly glabrous, ca. 10.5 × 2.5 cm (ca. 8.5 × 2 cm in dry specimens). Seeds ovate-elliptic, 5–5.5 × 3.5–4 mm, not winged, the adaxial surface deeply concave and the abaxial surface convex, wrinkled, both surfaces glabrous.
Holotype of
Flowering May and fruiting from July to August.
The new species is named after Zhiguang Yang, who first discovered this rare species and who accompanied us on a number of subsequent field expeditions in Hundred Flowers Ridge, Baoshan, Yunnan. The Chinese name is given as “杨氏马兜铃”.
The new species is currently known to Longyang District, Baoshan, Yunnan, China. It grows in forests at an elevation of between 1880 m and 2130 m, together with
Morphological comparisons amongst
|
|
|
|
Lamina | lanceolate to hastate, 8–24.5 × 1.2–5.5 cm, base auriculate to cordate | trullate-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 12–22 × 2.5–4.5 cm | ovate to narrowly ovate, 7–21 × 3–10.5 cm |
Calyx | Yellowish-white; inside of basal tuber black purple at base, white mix with more or less reddish-violet above base, inside of upper tube white mix with reddish-violet | undocumented | light brown or purple; inside of tuber black purple |
Limb | 3.3–4.7 cm long symmetric, straight extended from upper tube and parallel to it, inside pinkish or ochre, smooth, deeply 3-lobed, lobes ovate-deltoid, 1.6–2.4 cm long | ca. 2 cm long, slightly asymmetric, straight extended from upper tube, inside undocumented, shallowly 3-lobed, lobes lanceolate-acuminate, 0.5–0.7 cm long | 6–8 cm long, asymmetric, forming right angle with upper tuber, inside black purple with dense processes, 3-lobed, lobes lanceolate, ca. 2.5 cm long |
Both two new species with horseshoe-shaped perianth, the 3-lobed gynostemium and each lobe consisting of one pair oblong stamens belongs to
The authors are very grateful to Ms. Shizhen Qiao and Manhua Lin for the line drawings. This study was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 31600161 and 31370225), Special subsidies for public health services of TCM “the national survey of TCM resources” (DSS, MOF. No 66/2017) and Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of XYNU. Special thanks are given to Dr. Lei Cai (KIB) for providing colour photos of