Cousinia waldheimiana (Asteraceae) a new record from Uzbekistan (Central Asia)

Abstract During the study of plant specimens in the Central herbarium Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan Institute of the gene pool of plants and animals (TASH) one new record for the flora of Uzbekistan (Cousinia waldheimiana) was identified. This species is the fourth member of Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis collected in the Uzbek part of the Northern Alay range.


Introduction
The genus Cousinia Cass. with ca. 600-700 species (Attar et al. 2001;Assadi 2010;Attar and Maroofi 2010;Mehregan et. al. 2010) is the second largest genus of Asteraceae, after Senecio L. (Memariani and Joharchi 2011). Cousinia (tribe Cardueae) is subdivided into three subgenera (Tscherneva 1962(Tscherneva , 1974 and ca. 70 sections (Kadereit andJeffrey 2007, Mehregan andKadereit 2009). The genus is unique for its high level of diversity and penchant for narrow-range endemism. (Tscherneva 1974, Rechinger 1986. Eight major centers of species diversity have been defined for the genus in South West Asia and Central Asia (Mehregan 2008). The most important center of species diversity is situated in Pamir-Alay and Tien Shan ranges in the Central Asia with ca. 230 species, of which 150 are endemics (Tscherneva 1974). The Turkman-Iranian mountainous province in North East Iran and South Turkmenistan can be considered as the second important center of diversity for Cousinia, with approximately 100 species, of which 70 species are considered endemic to the area (Rechinger 1972(Rechinger , 1979. As part of the project "Botanical and geographical regionalization of Uzbekistan and creation of a database of plant diversity. Part II. Turan province" herbarium specimens stored in TASH of the genus Cousinia were processed. The process of working with more than 3000 specimens showed that some specimens had not been previously recorded for some Central Asian countries. This paper presents the results of processing the specimens relating to Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis (Juz.) Tscherneva.
Cousinia sect. Jurineopsis is an endemic section of 11 species found in the Central Asia Mountains (Tscherneva 1993). Earlier Tscherneva (1962) recognized three species -C. dubia Popov, C. krauseana Regel et Schmalh., C. submutica Franch. for this region in the flora of Uzbekistan. During the processing of the specimens in this section at TASH a further species Cousinia waldheimiana, hitherto known only from outside of the Uzbek borders in North East Kyrgyzstan (Central and Western Tien Shan), was identified. This is a new record for the flora of Uzbekistan.

C. Waldheimiana
Phenology. Flowering from June to July, fruiting from July to August.
Habitat. On the rubbly-fine earth slopes, shale rocks in the middle belt of mountains. Distribution. Previosuly considered endemic to the Western Tien Shan Mountains to distribution in Chatkal, Fergana, Uzunakhmat and Atoynak ranges. This range is now extended to the Alay Range, Uzbekistan (Fig. 2).
Specimens seen. Uzbekistan. Alay Range (North side): Fergana Valley, above the Shakhimardan resort on the slopes of the river Jordan. 02.08.1954, Korotkov 4569 (TASH); Alay Range. River basin Shakhimardan, neighborhood of village Jordan. Stony NE slope of the upper terrace of the right bank of the river. Ak-su. Tree and shrub belt. 16.07.1961, Pyataeva 118 (TASH); S slope of the Alay range. River basin. Shakhimardan, neighborhood of village Jordan. 1600 m. NE slope of the right bank of the river. Ak-suv. 16.07.1961, Abdullayev 66 (TASH).
Other specimens examined. Kyrgyzstan. Jalal-Abad region. Kyrg. SSR. Upper river of the Hodge-ata. On the pass and the lake Sary-Chelek. 31.07.1949, Bondarenko 1197  Species recognition. Very close to the C. margaritae Kult., differing mainly by the color of the corolla (from C. margaritae corolla whitish or pale yellow in C. waldheimiana corolla pink or purple). However, color of the corolla in the herbarium of poorly stored, making difficulties to define plant, why the geographical boundary of these species are currently unclear (Tscherneva 1962).

Discussion
The species with the areal in Chatkal, Fergana, Uzunakhmat and Atoynak ranges of Western Tien Shan. Its indicated only for the flora of Kyrgyzstan (Tscherneva 1965(Tscherneva , 1993. The herbarium specimens from Uzbekistan reported on here were collected from the northern slopes of the Alay range within the Fergana Valley: