Entada clade variation in fruits and seeds A Entada rheedei Spreng., mature, gigantic, torulose, slightly curved, segmented craspedium with woody endocarp, India B Entada gigas (L.) Fawc. & Rendle, mature, laxly spirally twisted, segmented craspedium, Costa Rica C Entada spiralis Ridl., immature, tightly spirally twisted, segmented craspedium, Singapore D Entada africana Guill. & Perr., mature, segmented craspedia, distinctly umbonate over seeds, with exocarp peeling away, Togo E Entada polystachya (L.) DC., mature, segmented craspedia, slightly umbonate over seeds, with exocarp already shed, Costa Rica F Entada dolichorrhachis Brenan, mature, small, torulose, slightly curved, segmented craspedium, Zambia G Entada burkei (Benth.) S.A. O’Donnell & G.P. Lewis, immature craspedia, not segmented, South Africa H E. burkei, mature craspedia, not segmented, entire valves breaking away from replum, exocarp peeling away, South Africa I Entada goetzei (Harms) Harms, immature, elongate craspedia, not segmented, distinctly umbonate over seeds, Mozambique J Aubrevillea platycarpa Pellegr., papery, indehiscent fruits with twisted bases (holotype A Aubreville 990, MNHN-P-P00418246), Côte d’Ivoire K Piptadeniastrum africanum (Hook.f.) Brenan, coriaceous pods, dehiscent along single suture, Democratic Republic of Congo L P. africanum, flattened, oblong seeds surrounded by broad, membranous wing, with funicle attached at middle of long axis of seed, Uganda M E. gigas, large, laterally compressed, cordate seed without pleurogram, collected in beach wrack, USA N E. rheedei, large, laterally compressed, globular seeds without pleurogram, South Africa O E. africana, laterally compressed, elliptic seeds with closed pleurogram, Togo P E. burkei, globular seed without pleurogram, South Africa. Scale bars: 1 cm (M); 2 cm (N); 5 mm (O, P). Photo credits A Dinesh Valke, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/159405372) B Pedro Blanco, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/181372721) C Cerlin Ng CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 D B Eichhorn, Dressler et al. (2014) E Marvin López M, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/181531329) F W McCleland, Dressler et al. (2014) G P van Wyk; H tjeerd, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/64689073) I BT Wursten, Hyde et al. (2022) J MNHN (2022) (CC BY 4.0) K P Latham, Dressler et al. (2014) L David Bygott, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/62615168) M Robb Deans, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/2611187) N Ricky Taylor, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/44440338) O B Eichhorn, Dressler et al. (2014) P Joseph Heymans, iNaturalist (https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/123571608).

 
 
  Part of: Bruneau A, Queiroz LP, Ringelberg JJ, Borges LM, Bortoluzzi RLC, Brown GK, Cardoso DBOS, Clark RP, Conceição AS, Cota MMT, Demeulenaere E, Duno de Stefano R, Ebinger JE, Ferm J, Fonseca-Cortés A, Gagnon E, Grether R, Guerra E, Haston E, Herendeen PS, Hernández HM, Hopkins HCF, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I, Hughes CE, Ickert-Bond SM, Iganci J, Koenen EJM, Lewis GP, Lima HC, Lima AG, Luckow M, Marazzi B, Maslin BR, Morales M, Morim MP, Murphy DJ, O’Donnell SA, Oliveira FG, Oliveira ACS, Rando JG, Ribeiro PG, Ribeiro CL, Santos FS, Seigler DS, Silva GS, Simon MF, Soares MVB, Terra V (2024) Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification. PhytoKeys 240: 1-552. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716