Corresponding author: Annalee S. Hadsall (
Academic editor: Clifford Morden
A new species,
Hadsall AS, Alejado MDR, Larona AR, Lambio IAF (2016)
The genus derived its name from the Greek words “strongylos” meaning ‘round’ and “odontos” means ‘toothlike’, referring to the rounded teeth of the calyx. It is also known to exhibit inflorescences in drooping racemes whose color ranges from purplish blue to bluish green to red or orange red (
Four sections comprise the genus, namely:
In February 2015, a collaborative field study between local government unit
Map of Luzon Island showing the geographic location of Mulanay, Quezon Province, Philippines.
Voucher specimen of
PHILIPPINES. Luzon, Island, Quezon Province, Municipality of Mulanay, Barangay Buenavista, Sitio Maglayaw, Buenavista Protected Landscape (
Woody vine reaching the top of the canopy. Mature branches glabrous with lenticels. Leaves 3-foliolate, each 3-nerved, adaxial and abaxial surfaces dark green, margin entire, apex acute, base rounded; lateral leaflets broadly-ovate, oblique, 9 cm long, 6.2 cm wide; terminal leaflet ovate-elliptic, 10.4 cm long, 6.0 cm wide; petiole green, glabrous, base swollen, 12.4–12.6 cm long; rachis green, glabrous, 2.8–2.9 cm long; petiolule green, glabrous, base swollen, 1.2 cm long; stipules three, basifixed, axillary, middle one cylindrical and persistent, lateral ones caducous, leaving conspicuous scars. Inflorescence a dense plagiotropic raceme, up to 12.0 cm long, branches alternating on the main axes; peduncle 2–8 cm, shorter than flowering axis; lateral flowering branches 13.0–27.0 cm long, occurring in pairs, arising from node; pedicel 1.7–1.9 cm long; brachyblasts warty, more than 3-flowered, 5 mm long and 1 mm wide. Flowers 7–9 in a cluster, arranged alternately, 27–31 flowers in a cluster in a lateral branch, with outer flowers opening first; young flowers lilac; calyx lilac, cup-shaped, glabrous, entire; standard petal lanceolate, 2.5–2.6 cm long, 1.3–1.4 cm wide, basal portion ridged, both surfaces of standard petal turns light blue when mature; wings oval 1.2–1.4 cm long, 0.6–0.7 cm wide, slightly auricled at base, upper surface of wings from margin up to 3 mm turns blue when mature, lower surface white; keels lanceolate, 2.8–3.0 cm long, 1.2–1.3 cm wide, both surfaces turn light blue when mature. Ovary pubescent. Pod oblong, globose, unilocular, continuous 6.1–7.5 cm long, 3.9–4.0 cm wide, base rounded, apex aligned with longitudinal axis of fruit, with a green hook, surface glabrous, green with irregular brown marks, dehiscing longitudinally along both sutures. Seeds smooth, symmetrical, 2–3 in a pod, dorsal portion flattened, ventral portion inflated, 2.7–3.1 cm long, 2.1–2.4 cm wide; seed position transverse to fruit length; funiculus whitish, running along ventral side of seed, when mature funiculus is detached leaving a flat scar; hilum linear, around 1.6–1.8 cm of seed, white, with light brown rim; raphe visible; seed coat maroon and shiny when fresh, turning dark brown, papery and wrinkled when mature, not adhering to inner fruit wall.
Morphological comparison of
Characters |
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ovate-elliptic | ovate | elliptic to ovate-elliptic | ovate, wide ovate or orbicular | elliptic to ovate-elliptic | ovate-elliptic, elliptic or oblong | elliptic or ovate | ovate |
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10.4 × 6 | 11–19.5 × 6.5–11 | 10.5–19 × 3.5–7 | 0.6–1.3 × 0.55–0.9 | 12–15.5 × 5.5–7.3 | 13–22 × 4.2–13 | 8.5–16 × 3.3–6.7 | 10–15 × 6–7.5 |
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broadly ovate | ovate | ovate | ovate | ovate | oblong | ovate | ovate |
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9 × 6.2 | 9–16 × 4–8 | 7.5–16 × 3–7 | 5–12 × 3–8 | 9–15 × 3.5–8 | 11.5–19 × 4.5–10.5 | 9–13 × 2.8–6 | 10–13.5 × 4.5–5.5 |
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dense plagiotropic raceme | axillary raceme | compact, subglobose, terminal raceme | pendulous, terminal raceme | pendulous, axillary to terminal raceme | pendulous, terminal raceme | pendulous terminal raceme | pendulous raceme |
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13–27 | 21–24 | 18–60 | 5.5–30 | 150 | 3.5–11 | 19–29 | 10–19 |
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warty | cylindric | warty | warty | warty | cylindric | warty | warty |
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7–9 | 7–14 | no available data | 2–3 | 5–8 | 4–10 | 4–7 | 5–6 |
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Lilac when young, then blue when mature | purplish-blue | bluish-green | orange-red | bluish-green | purplish-blue | purplish-blue | purplish-blue |
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1.7–1.9 | 1–1.8 | 3 | 1.0–2.8 | 1.8–4 | 1.5–2.0 | 1.8–2.3 | 2.3–2.5 |
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lilac, cup-shaped | purplish, campanulate | green, campanulate | green, campanulate | purplish, campanulate | green, campanulate | blue, campanulate | green, campanulate |
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lanceolate, | ovate–lanceolate | ovate | lanceolate–ovate | ovate, reflexed | lanceolate | ovate, reflexed | oblong |
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2.5–2.6 × 1.3–1.4 | 2.6–2.8 × 1.2–1.6 | 2–3 × 1.1–1.6 | 1.7–3.1 × 1–1.2 | 3.7–4.8 × 1.7–2.5 | 2.1–2.5 × 0.9–1 | 2.9–3 × 1–1.5 | 3–3.3 × 1.8–1.9 |
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oval | oblong | oblong | oblong | oblong–elliptic | oblong | oblong | oblong |
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12–14 × 6–7 | 12–14 × 5–7.5 | 11–13 × 5.5–7 | 7–11 × 3.5–6 | 20–24 × 8–10 | 8–11 × 3–4.5 | 10–13 × 5–6 | 14–17 × 7–9 |
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28–30 × 12–13 | 27–28 × 4–6 | 20–28 × 6–8 | 14–28 × 4–9 | 45–48 × 11–13 | 21–23 × 4–5 | 26–28 × 5–6 | 29–35 × 7–9.5 |
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oblong, globose | elliptic, inflated, rugose | elliptic, rugose | elliptic to elliptic-orbicular | elliptic, inflated, rugose | elliptic, inflated, rugose | elliptic, compressed | oblong or elliptic, inflated |
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6.1–7.5 × 3.9–4.0 | 3.5 × 2.1 | 4–7.5 × 2.2–4 | 3–8 × 2–4.5 | 8.5–13 × 6 | 5.5 × 3.5 | 9 × 3.5 | 4.5–6 × 2–2.5 |
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295 | 500–1200 | low to medium altitude up to 1600 | 0–1500 | 110–1000 | 80–1200 | ca. 1400 | 1300–1900 |
This new species is named after Dr. Juan Carlos Tecson Gonzalez, current director
So far only two thriving lianas of this species are known from Buenavista Protected Landscape, Mulanay, Quezon Province where it was collected.
This liana thrives in a disturbed secondary growth forest climbing atop a large tree at an altitude of 295 m. The area is adjacent to an old coconut plantation.
Flowering and fruiting from February to mid-March.
Other species of
All the materials used in this study were collected from a single population known only from the type locality in a region that is still poorly known botanically. This was the first documentation done inside the protected area. We suggest the preliminary conservation status of this species as Data Deficient (
1 | Inflorescence a raceme, attached on plagiotropic branches; flowers lilac when young, blue when mature; calyx cup-shaped, lilac colored |
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– | Inflorescence a pendulous or drooping raceme; flowers same color all throughout; calyx campanulate, colors various |
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2 | Brachyblasts cylindric; flowers purplish blue |
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– | Brachyblasts warty; flowers variously colored |
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3 | Flowers axillary; calyx purplish |
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– | Flowers terminal; calyx green |
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4 | Inflorescence axis > 50 cm long; calyx purplish; flowers bluish green, standard petal 3.5-4.5 cm long, wing petal oblong-elliptic |
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– | Inflorescence axis < 50 cm long; calyx green to blue; flowers various, standard petal shorter than 3.5 cm, wing petal oblong |
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5 | Calyx green |
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– | Calyx blue |
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6 | Inflorescence in compact, subglobose clusters |
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– | Inflorescence in loose, drooping clusters |
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7 | Flowers orange-red, 2–3 in a cluster |
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– | Flowers purplish-blue, 5-7 in a cluster |
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Permission to collect and transport specimens of