3urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:F7FCE910-8E78-573F-9C77-7788555F8AADPhytoKeysPK1314-20111314-2003Pensoft Publishers10.3897/phytokeys.62.79747974Research ArticleAngiospermaeNomenclatureTaxonomyCenozoicAsiaCallicarpabachmaensis Soejima & Tagane (Lamiaceae), a new species from Bach Ma National Park in Thua Thien Hue Province, Central VietnamSoejimaAkiko1soejima@sci.kumamoto-u.ac.jpTaganeShuichiro2VanNgoc Nguyen23https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1518-9470DuyChinh Nguyen3HuongNguyen Thi Thanh4YaharaTetsukazu2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5105-7152Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, JapanCenter for Asian Conservation Ecology, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, JapanDepartment of Biology, Dalat University, 1 – Phu Dong Thien Vuong, Dalat, VietnamDept. of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
201625032016623339FFCAFF8D-FFB9-9203-EC5A-785BC503FFAE5763623101201608032016Akiko Soejima, Shuichiro Tagane, Ngoc Nguyen Van, Chinh Nguyen Duy, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong, Tetsukazu YaharaThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
A new species, Callicarpabachmaensis Soejima & Tagane, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Bach Ma National Park in Thua Thien Hue Province, Central Vietnam. This species has a characteristic liana habit, white corolla, and narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, entire, occasionally subequal leaves, by which it is clearly distinguished from the other previously known species of this genus.
Bach Ma National ParkCallicarpaLamiaceaenew speciesThua Thien HueVietnamCitation
Soejima A, Tagane S, Van NN, Duy CN, Huong NTT, Yahara T (2016) Callicarpa bachmaensis Soejima & Tagane (Lamiaceae), a new species from Bach Ma National Park in Thua Thien Hue Province, Central Vietnam. PhytoKeys 62: 33–39. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.62.7974
Introduction
The genus Callicarpa L. (Lamiaceae) comprises 154 species and 12 varieties (The Plant List 2013) of shrubs or small trees, rarely woody climbers, distributed in temperate and tropical regions. The center of species diversity of this genus is in the Old World, especially in Malesia where about 50 species occur (Bramley 2013). Common and well-known species are found widely in secondary forests or in disturbed areas, but many species are restricted to small areas in primary forest (Bramley 2009, 2013). The genus is characterized by simple, opposite leaves, small white to pink or violet flowers in cymose or thyrsoid infloresences, small globose drupes, and often stellate, plumose, or dendroid hairs on stems, leaves, calyces, and fruits (Chen and Gilbert 1994, Bramley 2009, 2013, Leeratiwong et al. 2009).
The species of Vietnam have been studied by de Loureiro (1790), Dop (1935), Ho (2003), and most recently by Phuong (2007) who enumerated 20 species. During a botanical survey of Bach Ma National Park in Thua Thien Hue Province, Central Vietnam in 2015, we found a species that was different from all the other known species of Callicarpa. This plant is described and illustrated as a new species, Callicarpabachmaensis Soejima & Tagane.
VIETNAM. Thua Thien Hue Province, Bach Ma National Park, edge of evergreen forest along stream, 16°13'36.70"N, 107°51'07.22"E, alt. 414 m, 24 May 2015, with flowers, Tagane S., Toyama H., Yahara T., Ngoc Nguyen, Chinh Nguyen, Okabe N. V2677 (holotype KYO!, isotypes BKF!, DLU!, FU!, P!, VNM!, the herbarium of Bach Ma National Park!).
Diagnosis.
Callicarpabachmaensis is distinguishable from the other species of Callicarpa by a combination of its liana habit, white flowers and narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, entire, occasionally subequal leaves. Callicarpaangusta Schauer, endemic to Philippines, and C.angustifolia King & Gamble, distributed in China, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Peninsular Malaysia, resemble to C.bachmaensis in possessing narrowly elliptic leaves. However, they differ from C.bachmaensis in having a shrubby habit and serrate leaves. Additionally, C.angusta differs in having hairy corollas, and C.angustifolia differs in having larger leaves (more than 9 cm long in C.angustifolia vs. less than 9 cm long in C.bachmaensis) and larger corollas (ca. 3 mm long vs. 2–2.2 mm long).
Description.
Liana-like small tree, ca. 3 m tall. Branches sweeping with gradual curve and overhanging distally. Twigs with a dense indumentum of short plumose or dendroid brown hairs, slightly 4-angular when young, later becoming terete, woody and glabrous, lenticellate; internode 8.7–13 cm long in main stems, 1.4–3 cm long in axial ones. Leaves opposite, occasionally subequal; blades narrowly elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, (2.6–)5–8 × (0.4–)0.8–2 cm in larger leaves, 1.1–4 × 0.2–1 cm in smaller ones, base acute to cuneate, apex acuminate, margin entire, upper surface with short stellate hairs or sometimes almost glabrous, also with small yellow sessile glands and a few larger sessile glands, lower surface densely covered with white stellate or sometimes pale brownish fringed peltate scale-like hairs and a few larger sessile glands, chartaceous to subcoriaceus, green and slightly lustrous above, white hairy below; midrib slightly sunken above, prominent below, secondary veins 6–10 pairs, prominent below, tertiary veins scalariforming-reticulate; petioles 0.8–1.1 cm long, with indumentum as branches. Inflorescence axillary, cymose, entirely covered with indumentum as branches, peduncles 0.8–1 cm long; bracts linear, 1.5–2 mm long; pedicels ca. 0.5 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, 1–1.5 mm long with 4 (or 5) shallow lobes, outer surface covered with stellate or short dendroid hairs and small yellow sessile glands, inner surface almost glabrous. Corolla white, 2–2.2 mm long, divided into four lobes, tube ca. 1 mm long, lobes oblong-ovate, <1 mm long, apex rounded, outer surface with yellow sessile glands, inner surface almost glabrous. Stamens 4, ca. 1 mm long exerted from corolla, filaments 2.5–3 mm long, glabrous, anthers elliptic, ca. 1 mm long, with many yellow sessile glands near connectives, dehiscing through longitudinal slits. Stigma capitate, style ca. 6 mm long, glabrous. Fruits drupaceous, spherical, 2.5–3 mm in diameter, dark purple, sparsely covered with stellate hairs.
Specimen examined.
Vietnam. 20 June 1976, with fruits, Ly Quoc Anh 106 (HN!); Lao Cai Province: Liem Phu, Van Ban, 10 June 2008, with flowers, Binh N.Q. & Cuong D.D. VN1985 (HN!); Quang Nam-Da Nang Province: Hà ra, Giăng village, 13 July 1986, with fruits, LX-VN 2958 (HN!); Vinh Phuc Province: Me Linh Biodiversity Station, Ngoc Thanh Commune, 24 Oct. 2001, with fruits, Phuong et al. 4611 (HN!).
Phenology.
Flowering specimens were collected in May and June; fruiting in June, July, and October.
Distribution and habitat.
VIETNAM: Northeast (Lao Cai and Vinh Phuc Province) and Central coast (Thua Thien Hue, Quang Nam and Da Nang Province) (Fig. 3). In the type locality, Bach Ma National Park, Thua Thien Hue Province, a small population was found at the edge of humid broad-leaved evergreen forest along a stream, at altitude ca. 400 m, in which Dipterocarpushasseltii Blume (Dipterocarpaceae), Crotonargyratus Blume (Euphorbiaceae), Vitexaxillariflora (Merr.) Bramley (Lamiaceae), Beilschmiediahenghsienensis S. K. Lee & Y. T. Wei (Lauraceae), Litseabalansae Lecomte (Lauraceae), Heritieraaugustata Pierre (Malvaceae), Syzygiumdiospyrifolium (Wall. ex Duthie) S. N. Mitra (Myrtaceae), S.siamense (Craib) Chantar. & J. Parn. (Myrtaceae), Adinapilulifera (Lam.) Franch. ex Drake (Rubiaceae) dominate.
Callicarpabachmaensis Soejima & Tagane, sp. nov. A Branch apex B Flowering branch C Abaxial surface of lamina D Inflorescences E Twigs and base of petiole, F Infructescence [Binh & Cuong VN1985 (HN). Scale bar E = 5 mm].
Callicarpabachmaensis Soejima & Tagane, sp. nov. A Flowering branch B Stellate and dendroid hairs on calyx (left three) and lower surface of leaves (right) C Abaxial surface of lamina D Flower with the corolla dissected to show filaments and style E Fruit. Materials: Tagane et al. V2677.
Distribution of Callicarpabachmaensis Soejima & Tagane. Black triangle: type locality in Bach Ma National Park; white triangle: other collection sites in Vietnam.
Tagane et al. V2677: LC120829 (rbcL), LC120830 (matK).
Etymology.
The specific epithet bachmaensis reflects the name of the locality where the type specimen was collected.
Conservation status.
Data Deficient
(DD). Callicarpabachmaensis is collected from north and central Vietnam. In the type locality, Bach Ma National Park, the number of individuals is likely stable, but at present we have no reliable information on its abundance and range. Further investigations are needed to accurately assess its status in the natural habitat.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the staff of Bach Ma National Park for their kind assistance in the field survey, Keiko Mase for her help in DNA barcoding, and the curators of the herbaria ANDA, BK, BKF, BO, HN, K, P, and VNM for allowing us to examine their collections. This study was supported by the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (S9) of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan and was partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15H02640.
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