3urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:F7FCE910-8E78-573F-9C77-7788555F8AADPhytoKeysPK1314-20111314-2003Pensoft Publishers10.3897/phytokeys.78.1064910649Research ArticleAngiospermaeTaxonomyAmericasNeotypification of Clytostomasciuripabulum Hovel.ArboMaria M.arbo.mercedes45@gmail.com1Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste, Herbario CTES, C.C. 209, 3400 Corrientes, ArgentinaInstituto de Botánica del Nordeste, Herbario CTESCorrientesArgentina
Corresponding author: Maria M. Arbo (arbo.mercedes45@gmail.com)
Academic editor: P Stoev
201722032017781721FF8D8C42-466A-FFEB-FFC9-1A152972FFE05763722609201613032017Maria M. ArboThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
A neotype is designated for Clytostomasciuripabulum the basionym of Bignoniasciuripabulum, the presently accepted name of the species.
BignoniaceaeSouthamericaCitation
Arbo MM (2017) Neotypification of Clytostoma sciuripabulum Hovel. PhytoKeys 78: 17–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.78.10649
Introduction
Revision of the species of Bignoniaceae for ‘Flora Argentina’ identified the need for a new typification for the basionym of Bignoniasciuripabulum. This is a South American species with a wide distribution, occurring in Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay and Northern Argentina (Lohmann and Taylor 2014: 422).
Material and methods
Specimens (digital images) kept at K and P were examined on JSTOR Global Plants 2016). Some digital images were obtained from the source herbaria: C and S. The specimens were carefully analysed taking into account the protologues. The articles cited through the text follow the International Code of Nomenclature (ICN), Melbourne Code (McNeill et al. 2012). Herbaria acronyms follow Thiers (2017).
Historical remarks and typification
The specific epithet “sciuripabulum” was used for the first time by K. Schumann (1894: 224) who published the binomial Arrabidaeasciuripabulum (Bureau) K.Sch. This name (a nomen nudum, see Art. 38.2 Ex.1) is not valid since it has no diagnosis, it is mentioned in a paragraph about the genus Cydista which states that the species is related to Cydistadifficilis.
Two years later, Bureau and K. Schumann (1896: 149) published the name Clytostomasciuripabulum with a detailed diagnosis and description. The only gathering mentioned was J.C. de Mello 22, collected in Brasilia, Sao Paulo, prope Campinas. Nine specimens of this collection have been located, kept in C, K, P and S, with different dates or not dated (Table 1). According to Art. 8.2, these specimens are syntypes.
Recently, Lohmann (2008: 272 as ‘sciuripabula’) transferred Clytostomasciuripabulum to the genus Bignonia. Lohmann and Taylor (2014: 422) cited as holotype a specimen non extant at Berlin: Brasil, São Paulo, prope Campinas, 20 IX 1867, Joaquim Correia de Méllo 22 (B†). The label data provided by Lohmann and Taylor (l.c.) belong to the sample C10021684 (a duplicate donated by S, identified by K.Schumann as Clytostomasciuripabulum Bur.), reproduced in F photo neg. 22132. At S, there are two specimens with the same collection date: S15-37635 with a note written in Portuguese by Correia de Mello, stating that he had coined for this plant the genus Pithecoxanium, but it was not used because Miers had previously created the genus Clytostoma (Figure 1 – left) and S15-37638.
Clytostomasciuripabulum - Mello 22, list of syntypes.
Clytostomasciuripabulum Hovel. S15-37635, and S15-37634 (Neotype). Copyright of images: Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm.
https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/127872
Ulloa Ulloa (2016) detected that the name Clytostomasciuripabulum had been validly published first by Hovelacque (1888: 214). This author published anatomical research about the vegetative organs of Bignoniaceae and other families. Concerning the Bignoniaceae, only the stems and leaves were studied. There is only a brief morphological description of these organs and Hovelacque stated that he had never observed tendrils in Clytostoma (page 284). It seems that Hovelacque was not intending to describe a new species, he was only using a name provided most probably by Bureau. Nevertheless, according to Art. 38.1(a), his publication is valid and IPNI (2016) qualified Bureau and Schumann’s name as an isonym; the valid combination cited is: Bignoniasciuripabulum (Hovel.) Lohmann (2008: 272).
In the introduction to his work, Hovelacque stated that he used material he cultivated or collected in different regions of France and also material provided largely by the Faculté des Sciences de Lille (LILLE), Institut Botanique de Liége (LG), Bruxelles Botanical Garden (BR) and Muséum de Paris (P).
Information has been requested about Clytostomasciuripabulum from the institutions mentioned by Hovelacque and the response was that there is no material at the herbaria LILLE and LG, while at BR there are only some specimens collected in the 20th century. At the herbarium P, there are 6 specimens collected in the 19th century: P02885030 (Venezuela, Funck & Schlim 962), P02885031 (Paraguay, Hassler 4503), P02885034 (Brazil, Saint Hilaire) and 3 specimens of Mello 22. Since Hovelacque acknowledged his gratitude to Bureau in the introduction to his work and the only collection cited by Bureau and Schumann (1896) is Mello 22, it is assumed that Bureau (author of the specific epithet) had not studied the other samples.
All things stated, no original material studied by Hovelacque is extant, and there is material available for the lectotypification purpose. As a consequence, a neotype should be selected that matches Hovelacque’s description (Art. 9.7). Amongst the specimens of Mello 22 found, listed in Table 1, the only one without tendrils is S15-37634 (Figure 1-right), so it is here designated as the neotype of Clytostomasciuripabulum Hovel.
Taxonomic treatment
Bignoniasciuripabulum (Hovel.) L.G. Lohmann (2008: 272 as ‘sciuripabula’). Arrabidaeasciuripabulum (Bur.) K. Schumann (1894: 224), nomen nudum. Clytostomasciuripabulum Bur. & K. Schum. (1896: 149). Basionym: ClytostomasciuripabulumHovelacque (1888: 111, 284). Type: BRASILIA aust., Sao Paulo, prope Campinas, 10-10-1871 (neotype, designated here, S15-37634, image!).
Acknowledgements
I am deeply indebted to John McNeill (Edinburgh), Kanchi Gandhi (Cambridge), Irina Belyaeva-Chamberlain (London) and Werner Greuter (Berlin) for their contributions about the validity of the names involved. I would like to thank: Ann Bogaerts (BR), Olof Ryding (C), Alain Hambuckers (Université de Liège) and Frédéric Dupont (Faculté de Sciences de Lille) for the information about herbarium specimens, Mia Ehn (S) for the digital images and the authorisation to reproduce them, Benjamin Young for his help with English language and C. Ulloa Ulloa and an anonymous reviewer for useful suggestions to improve the manuscript.
ReferencesBureauLESchumannKM (1896) Bignoniaceae in Martius, C.F.P. Flora brasiliensis 8(2): 149.HovelacqueM (1888) Recherches sur l’appareil végétatif de Bignoniacées, Rhinanthacées, Orobanchées et Utriculariées. Masson G (Ed.) Paris. Pgs. 111 (adnot. 1), 284. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5654255qJSTOR Global Plants (2017) JSTOR Global Plants. https://plants.jstor.org/ [continuously updated]JSTOR Global Plants (2017) The International Plant Names Index. http://www.ipni.org/ [continuously updated]LohmannLG (2008) In: Hokche O, Berry PE, Huber O (Eds) Nuevo Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Venezuela. Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobías Lasser, Caracas, Venezuela: 272.LohmannLGTaylorCM (2014) A new generic classification of tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard.99: 348–489. https://doi.org/10.3417/2003187McNeillJBarrieFRBuckWRDemoulinVGreuterDLHawksworthDLHerendeenPSKnappSMarholdKPradoJProud’Hommevan Reine WFSmithJFWiersemaJHTurlandNJ (Eds) (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Melbourne Code): Adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress, Melbourne, Australia, July 2011.154: 1–204. http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/SchumannKM (1894) Bignoniaceae in Engler A, Prantl K (Eds) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien 4(3b): 224.ThiersB (2017) Index Herbariorum: A global directory of public herbaria and associated staff. New York Botanical Garden’s Virtual Herbarium, http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ [continuously updated]UlloaUlloa C (2016) In: World Checklist of Bignoniaceae. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=320879